Transcript EP: 43: Animal Swarms with Josh Fisher


In this episode, researcher Josh Fisher joins the Rabbit Hole of Research to explore the eerie, fascinating world of animal swarms—from locust plagues and angry crows to science, folklore, and cinema.

In this episode of Rabbit Hole of Research, we’re joined by researcher Josh Fisher to explore the captivating, creepy, and sometimes comical world of animal swarms. From biblical plagues and Hitchcock’s The Birds to surprisingly vindictive crows, we dive deep into the science, psychology, and symbolism behind swarming behavior. We look at how swarms have appeared across history, religion, fiction, and film, uncovering the patterns that unite everything from buzzing bees to coordinated chaos in horror cinema. It’s a mix of science, storytelling, and a touch of speculation, all flying at you in this episode’s swirling dive into the natural world.

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Joe: [00:00:00] Hey, welcome back to the Rabbit Hole of Research down here in the

basement studio for another fun, exciting episode. You just have me, Joe. We’ve got

Nick over here. Georgia is taking the night off.

she

Nick: doing tonight?

Joe: I don’t know. And I’m

Nick: Do are we, wait, are we allowed to talk about what she’s currently doing or

is she gonna be, I feel like if I do, she’s gonna throw something at me.

Joe: maybe she’s watching Twilight Zone to catch up on some of those episodes.

So she

Nick: has her timely references. Yeah,

Joe: timely references, that’s right. For the mini episodes. She is always, she’ll be

back on the mini episode. Tell us what we did wrong and what we did right?

Nick: Hey Joe, I think we have a guest

Joe: We do have a guest. We’re talking animal swarms. I wanna say shwarma,

every time I say like animal

swarm.

Nick: Yeah. We’re all going for animal

Joe: we’re gonna get some, we’re gonna get some chicken shawarma. We should

be, we should have like chicken shawarma sandwiches or

3something

Nick: that was invented [00:01:00] in Marvel Avengers. That was the first time any-

one’s ever heard of

Joe: the first time anyone’s heard of it. Okay. There you go. You heard it here

on a rabbit hole of research. A hundred percent hand

Josh: I don’t know. know about Sharma, but I’m here to talk about animal swarms.

My name’s Josh. Thank you for having me on. I actually am a coworker of Joe’s, but in

past life I worked for a wildlife control company for about five to five or so years. I was

working in the field for a while and then worked in the office got a lot of fun experi-

ence working with animals.

Not so many swarms in that job,

Joe: but,

Nick: I mean, that

Josh: animals have always been an interest of.

Joe: Yeah.

Luckily you didn’t have a lot of swarms because they’re pretty

Nick: never. Great.

Joe: No.

I do have my definition to get started and a list.

Oh, you have a definition

Definition. I got definition list. Yeah, it’s it’s not an episode if I don’t two dot I think

it’s you know,

I

Nick: thought that was a new thing to this episode.

Joe: No, it’s not.

Nick: Oh, man.

4Joe: So I just wanted to give a general [00:02:00] definition and Josh correct me,

tell me if I’m wrong or whatever it’s happened before with guests. Animal swarm is, I

keep saying it’s swarm. I swarm. It’s like funny. An animal. Animal

Josh: You’re hungry, Joe.

Joe: is a large organized group of animals that move or act collectively.

Often in response to environmental clues, survival strategies or social behaviors.

Swarming typically involves self-organizing patterns where individuals follow simple

local rules that lead to complex group dynamics without centralized control.

Josh: That sounds about right to me. You know, the biggest thing that stands out

about swarm behavior to me is that it’s almost like an emergent phenomenon. You

know, it’s not just a large group of individuals acting chaotically you know, humans are

a very social, gregarious species, but we don’t really have swarm behavior in most cas-

es.

That might be something we could bring up later on, but, you know, groups

[00:03:00] of people normally act somewhat randomly and chaotically with respect to

each other, whereas. When we’re talking about animals exhibiting like a swarming be-

havior they are responding to the cues of the other individuals around them.

And so you get this kind of emergent behavior that you know is greater than the

sum of its parts in a lot of cases.

Joe: You brought up humans right off the bat, and I was just thinking about it

’cause you’re like, oh, humans don’t typically, but the one time they do is a mob kind

of mentality. If a

Josh: Yeah. Crowd dynamics get really

interesting.

Joe: Yeah. Yep.

Nick: They’re a witch. They’re a witch.

5Joe: you don’t,

Nick: yeah.

Joe: you either join the mob or you get out the way of the mob as it’s coming to-

wards you because you’re, you can’t stop it. Like it is very, it’s, it is one of those inter-

esting dynamic entities that go, that it fits more probably into, like you said, crowd dy-

namics that concerts or shows.

There was just folks doing studies on that about trying to mathematically predict

crowd dynamics [00:04:00] to make, events safer at, , ’cause you have this event, you

have, , like Lollapalooza, all these big events, all these people, and there is some, once

the nucleus starts, you can then pattern.

And so if you can have a drone or something overhead, you can catch what are

you

making

nothing.

Just

for?

Nick: the idea of trying to study a bunch of drunk people and just

Josh: I mean that just

Nick: let’s see how this works.

Josh: at a festival and, when the main act gets on stage, then you feel that crush of

the crowd as

Joe: That’s right.

Josh: push forward,

Nick: Oh,

Josh: even though there’s no space to get any

closer. go any closer. Yeah.

6Joe: just need to get as close as you possibly can. That’s where the best seat is.

Josh: yeah. and God held The person in front of you.

Yeah,

Nick: But yeah the idea of just studying all these drunk people is hilarious. I love

Joe: they don’t have to be drunk. I mean, it could be the,

Nick: if you’re at Lollapalooza, tell me how many people are not drinking heavily.

There’s all day.

Joe: There’s a few in there that, that’s

Nick: or high [00:05:00] as all get up.

Joe: I don’t know. I don’t

Josh: just a few bad actors.

Joe: yeah. Exactly. They run a very tight ship down

Nick: Yeah. I’ve never done that.

Josh: Have you been down to Grant Park when it’s around, like you’re not getting

anything in there?

Joe: That’s right. It’s, they lock it

Nick: You can’t get over the fence at

Josh: Tight security. No way.

Joe: No one’s looking the other way. It’s

Nick: think they only caught a guy with a broken leg.

Joe: I

Josh: buddy of mine, minute up.

Buddy and I went to Riot Fest when we when he turned 30 and we were laughing

that the second day the drugs we were smuggling in was ibuprofen because we were

so sore from the first day of the festival.

Joe: Yeah.

7Josh: Joys of getting older.

Nick: oh

Joe: yeah, it happens. We don’t, we have to do an aging episode or something

like that. Yeah,

I had a few characteristics. We already touched on some of ’em. It always is large

numbers. The swarms usually consist of dozens to millions of [00:06:00] individuals.

Collective movement talked about that these kind of, they become synchronized co-

hesive movements in response to these stimuli.

Predator threats, food sources, your favorite band getting on stage. You started

having this movement self-organization. The swarms behavior emerges from local in-

teractions between individuals. And so since we

Josh: emerge

Joe: that’s an emergent phenomenon, right? Adaptive some

of these can be adaptive evolutionary advantages to predatory avoidance, forging

efficiency, environmental adaptation.

So swarming isn’t just, , always a chaotic, , there’s some threat, but it could actually

have some purpose. And then dynamic structure those swarms can change shape,

density, direction, very fluid and responding to the internal and external pressures of

push and pull of the group.

So it is very yeah, very.

Josh: very varied. You know, I think as you’re listing off all those characteristics, it

covers a wide variety of

[00:07:00] And you have a lot of different reasons, a lot of different environmental

cues and stuff driving that swarming behavior. So depending on what species you’re

talking about it, it gets really fascinating.

8I mean, I had a number of things come off the top of my head when you men-

tioned animal swarms, and when I did some just kind of brief diving into it. It’s really

interesting once you start comparing all the different types of swarm behavior and,

you know, reasons behind it and types of species that it occurs in, you know, every-

thing from invertebrates like jellyfish to, you know, we’re talking about humans, you

know, the highest order by some measures of vertebrate.

Joe: No, you’re right. And even microbial populations like that. I was looking up

slime molds have this kind of behavior that they were searching for food or response

to threats. But I was

Josh: A bloom.

Joe: algal blooms.

Yeah, that was, I was gonna, that kind of leads us into, I think if you I mean maybe

let’s, we can do a game, everyone listening, but when someone says [00:08:00] animal

swarm swarms in fiction, what your mind goes to probably one movie.

Josh: I, think we’re probably thinking of the same

Joe: Probably. Yes. Whatcha thinking over there?

Nick: as always go with the Marvel comic.

Joe: Oh, you’re going, you went warm. Which one? Oh,

Nick: He is a you

Joe: your you mean, spider-Man villain. Okay. Yeah. That’s your go-to.

Nick: Yeah. I don’t know why it’s, I mean,

Joe: at that, the

insects

Josh: you’re thinking, Hitchcock,

Joe: I am thinking Hitchcock, the birds.

Yes. Oh yes.

9Nick: didn’t even think of that one.

Josh: Yeah, that’s like the classic swarm movie.

Nick: And I’ve even read so many things that were like, birds are swarms. And I’m

like, are they though?

Joe: No the

Josh: interestingly, the bird behavior in that movie doesn’t fit some of the swarm

characteristics because the birds are acting very individually.

Joe: right. They

Josh: Like they, they have a concerted [00:09:00] purpose, you know, destroy all

humans. But they’re not, they’re, you know, they’re not acting in this way where they’re

influenced by the neighbors

working They’re, you know, they are somewhat more individual and

random.

Joe: Yep. And they give the background For those who might not know or have

heard of the Birds, it was an Albert Hitchcock classic horror, masterpiece. 1963. When

it came out, it was actually based on a short story by Daphne Du Mare in 1952.

That was its literary foundation. In the short story. It was the birds were an allegory

to Nazi Germany and being invaded and being taking over. So it was this,

Nick: so it’s time for a remake,

Joe: it’s time for remake and yeah. And so very Cold War theme thematic at that

time.

If you think about, in, in the fifties [00:10:00] early fifties, that was one the minds of

a lot of folks. The movie, it takes place at a fictional coastal town. Like the main charac-

ters, there’s a guy in his love interest. They go to a small house.

And then these birds are just flocking around and then start attacking them in this

kind of way. And it’s, in these movies where you do have swarm somewhat, they repre-

10sent symbols of, societal fears the. Uncontrollable. And, dangerous coming at you in a

way that you can’t get away.

Sporadic you have all this. So that is, that was there and it probably led

Nick: was a horror movie,

Josh: Or.

Joe: Or phobia. There it is.

Nick: so you classify this as a horror movie, right? Horror movie,

Joe: Horror movie? Yeah. I don’t hold on time.

I mean, that’s what it’s classified as. I didn’t

Josh: Yeah.

Joe: give it mean.

official.

Josh: not going rogue on us. It’s definitely, it’s a horror classic.

Nick: Oh, I, okay. I

Joe: might make it a romance. I don’t know. It’s a, you know,

Nick: I didn’t know [00:11:00] if it had to do with what age you were when you

first, not making an old joke, of course, but

Josh: the birds the birds murder people

Joe: they do. Yeah,

Josh: uh, the, this, this island that they’re on, this little town gets slowly invaded by

birds and there’s all these looming intense shots of birds lining, you know, the

power

Joe: The playground, when she goes to get, they get the kids come out and they

get in the car and all the birds, there’s one there and then they look back, there’s five

and they look back and they’re, it is just then just the whole playground is covered

with birds.

11and her

Nick: the movie, but I just don’t remember feeling fear from that one.

Joe: I I mean personally,

that’s

Nick: why I was like, wait, I don’t actually like it’s been a minute since I’ve seen it.

Joe: Yeah.

Nick: But Yeah. That’s

why I was like I don’t remember if it was like an

Joe: I think it’s very I think it’s, I think you have, the horror genre, you have that

element of fear and that’s part of it there, that you have this kind of looming threat.

That’s always there. And you think of horror movies, from, Jason Freddy, classics,

but [00:12:00] the birds, they were just looming threat that was there. And you have

this kind of presence,

Josh: all about building up

Joe: yeah, there’s sharp beaks and they’re erratic movements just pecking at you

and just really

Nick: I mean, crows can take people down

Joe: no,

I don’t, I’m not messing with no crows. I mean, they’re

Josh: wouldn’t.

Joe: I

do want a

do not. Birds they hold grudges, like crows, I think mag pies,

Josh: Yeah.

Joe: they actually, they will re, they remember your face

and your family line.

12They

Josh: Every single species you just mentioned are all members of the Corvid

Nick: Yep.

Joe: Oh, okay. and the Corvids are all some of the smartest birds in the

Nick: They will either love you or

Josh: you’re right, they will definitely recognize people and they will hold a

grudge.

I think there’s even been stories of pros basically telling other pros

Josh: To watch out for.

Joe: yep. Yeah. It almost seems like it’s passed through lineage, like so that their

progeny has the same grudge. Like it’s a, it’s generational.

Like it takes

I

Nick: love that. It is such a [00:13:00] pettiness that I

Joe: Yeah.

Nick: I thrive to. It’s if I hate you, yeah. My whole bloodline’s

Joe: we’re all,

Josh: it’s also the people that are good to They’ll also pass down like the people

that, that feed them and leave stuff out for them. Like they’ll pass along that informa-

tion also. So it’s not entirely negative. You just don’t want to get on their bad

Joe: No, you don’t.

Nick: accidentally run one

Joe: the the, I think the crow that would bring the one guy that left bread and stuff

out for it or food out. It would bring them money, rolled up little, it would go, it would

scour the city for ball. Lost money and then bring it back. And then drop it off.

13Yeah. Yeah. And just drop it off. It was like a value and that the per the person left

the food was excited to get, some money, but I just figured this bird now is attacking

people and has taking their money. It’s like

Didn’t

Nick: he use that money to buy better food for that one

Joe: maybe. Yeah, that would be nice.

Nick: Just pocket this one.

And

Josh: buys better food for himself. Yeah. Screw that bird.

Joe: and you might notice too, but like in, in the birds there were many different

[00:14:00] bird species, and usually birds don’t flock together, that saying comes from

that. So it, it was a very, that also made it ominous that you had all these different birds

Josh: Yeah, like why did all

Against humans all of a sudden,

Joe: Yeah.

Josh: And the isolated nature of the movie as well, because you didn’t know what

was happening in the rest of the world.

kept it?

really isolated on just those characters. So is it this island? Is it everywhere? And at

the end of the movie, they just the murderous birds just fly off into

the

Joe: right. Yeah. They stop, they break apart and it was a whole

maternal,

I don’t know, there was like some other weird. Storylines in there. But yeah, the

birds, they fought ’em off and then they just walk out the house and the birds are like,

just chilling. And they go off and it’s like, all right, it’s everyone’s happy.

14Go off

Josh: But did they go out to attack somebody else,

Nick: I hope so.

Josh: Like you don’t know, like they leave everything unexplained.

Nick: I hope they did. You know, it’s just Hey, another day, all right, we got this

town done. Let’s go to the next one tomorrow. [00:15:00] Yeah. Same time. Yeah. And

Joe: so the

Josh: Yeah. I mean, as a species, humans do have it coming.

Joe: me too, I mean, and it was there’s some historical evidence that that Hitch-

cock got the idea from a real. Bird attack in North Monterey Bay in 1961. So thousands

of like sea birds exhibited disorientated aggressive behavior. And they came to find

out it was a omic acid.

Nick: Oh, I was gonna guess moldy bread

Joe: it that you get poison from diatoms and you were mentioning the microbial

blooms.

Algal blooms, the red tide. That’s what this is. And it’s a neurotoxin that’s that’s

produced by a certain marine algae that actually disrupts the nervous system by mim-

icking the neurotransmitter glutamate leading to kind of overstimulation, neuronal

damage and symptoms like seizures, memory loss, and confusion.

And so you had all these birds like kind of swarm into Monterey, right? That’s

right. Yeah. And they go And [00:16:00] so he had at that story, at this event occurred

near his residence. And maybe gave that final inspiration.

Josh: Hitchcock’s

residence.

Joe: Yep.

Josh: Oh, wow.

15Joe: So that was interesting there, that it did have this kind of real world connec-

tion that you could have a bunch of birds just go crazy, a bunch of angry birds you

know, so

Nick: he was the one that passed them all off.

Joe: off. He’s the one that did it.

Nick: He was like, you know what? This would be a great story. Let’s see how that

would turn out.

Joe: The other thing is. Is the groups of bird names. I just always get a kick out of

looking those up. Like a wake of buzzards, a murder of crows. The most famous, prob-

ably a convocation of eagles, a mob of emus , an asylum of loons, the squadron of

pelicans.

They just have these really cool names, you know, it’s

Josh: of starlings.

Joe: It’s I just love it. It’s who is naming these per what was the motivation there?

It’s

Josh: Oh yeah.

Joe: they don’t

Josh: I just imagine It was some old English guy [00:17:00] in the edu Edwardian

period, like sitting back, smoking a pipe, just like coming up with names for random

groups of

Joe: at that wake of

Nick: Like,

why did fish get the short end of the stick here? It’s just a school of fish,

Joe: a school of fish.

Nick: Not any specific kind.

Joe: you know, a herd of cows. We don’t get anything like, you know, not a.

16Josh: I mean, in the Christian conception of the world fish don’t even count as

meat. So they’ve always been getting the short end of the stick.

Nick: They aren’t animals, they’re

Joe: But birds also have that. I think they’re, I think they’re easy to fear. They can

fly. They have the high ground. If we’ve learned anything from Star Wars,

Nick: I have the high ground kin.

Joe: But they do, and they have talons. They have beaks. They’re ready to go.

, humans really aren’t

Josh: no one wants to get attacked by

Joe: it’s you

Nick: They’re pretty much flying dinosaurs, wil mor de kin say about

Josh: Oh yeah.

I mean, have you ever been attacked by a red wing blackbird? We’ve got them

around this area,

uh, all over

Uh, Have you been attacked? What is the.

I have, [00:18:00] yeah. They’re about the size of a robin and they get really ag-

gressive when they defend their nests in the summer when they’re laying their eggs

and raising their yu.

And so if you pass too close to their nest, they will dive bomb. You. yeah. I’ve total-

ly been attacked. They’ve nest in the parks around here.

Joe: yeah, there it is. So I didn’t know if you were out

Josh: You laugh, but you just wait.

Joe: Antagon. No I’ve had my fair share of dive bombs. So when I was a grad stu-

dent at Arizona State University, they have the palm trees and there were crows, or

some blackbird that lived up in these palms.

17And during probably nesting season, they would swoop down as you walk

through campus. So there were certain, walkways that if you went down, they were go-

ing to swoop down the top of your head. And it always freaked me out. Just one step

to the birds, man.

That was it. They just get together you know what? Let’s just mess that dude up

right there. Let’s make an example out of that one human. And I bet you the rest of hu-

mans aren’t gonna come this way. I mean,

it’s

Nick: a good way, it’s a good method. I agree. [00:19:00] If I saw someone get hit

in the head with a bird, I’d be like,

Joe: that’s right.

Yeah, I’m done. I mean, out of all of the animal swarms. I think birds I think birds

are up there. I think the next one, and maybe might take it as wasps, I think just a, a

swarm of

Josh: Yeah. I wouldn’t wanna, I wouldn’t want a swarm of any kind of stinging

Joe: right? Yes. Yes.

Nick: I

Josh: bees or wasps

or Hornets.

Joe: i mean, like honeybees. I don’t know why

you want a swarm of honeybees around you. I want

but they’re usually not violent. So is it just a lot of honeybees that you agitate?

Josh: Honeybees were actually one of the things that we dealt with pretty often as

part of my wildlife control. We did bees, wasp, and hornets and some other insect

species. Honeybees swarm regularly is part of their normal lifecycle, the greater lifecy-

cle of the colony. When they reach a certain size, usually in the spring or later in the

18end of the summer, they’ll produce a new queen and half the hive, half the colony will

split off with the [00:20:00] old queen and they’ll swarm out into the environment

somewhere and look for a new place to establish a new hive.

And so this swarm will be like a basketball sized ball of bees that will just kinda

hang in a tree or maybe off the gutter of your house or something like that. And they

are not aggressive in that

They’re just balled up, protecting the queen in the center of that ball and sending

out scouts in the surrounding area to try to find a good place that they can move into

basically.

Nick: oh damn.

Josh: And so we would get calls periodically about that type of behavior and, you

know, have to try to explain to people sometimes with more success than others. That

no, really don’t do anything with it. Don’t spray them with a hose. Don’t, you know, just

leave them alone and they will go away and at most, a day or two,

Joe: Yeah. Out of all the flying stinging animals, honeybees are like the sweetest,

no pun intended.

Josh: least the ones that we have around here,[00:21:00]

Joe: Yeah. Oh, are they, are there

Josh: one of, one of the things I, one of the things I had in my note to talk about

was Africanized

Joe: Okay. All right. Yes.

Josh: Because I remember as a kid, killer Bees being such a huge news story and

this big sensational thing and like even watching you know, made for TV movies about

towns getting attacked by giant swarms

with killer bees. Yeah. So that, that, like when I was a kid, killer Bees were up there

with like

19Joe: Now, I was gonna say quicksand

Josh: that I thought I really

Joe: we talked

about, we talk about quicksand quite a bit, not being the threat that we thought it

was.

Nick: and the murder

Josh: I thought it was gonna be

Nick: episode or two ago.

Joe: Yeah.

things did we

Nick: where you were just like expecting to run into ’em.

Yeah. Just.

Josh: Yeah. Hey, one day I’m gonna need to know what to do about quicksand

because it’s gonna happen inevitably.

Joe: gotta have your belt and a stick and flatten out. I mean, yeah. You had a

whole

Yeah.

All the time.

interacted with no quicksand yet. I’m a little disappointed.

Nick: I’m very

Joe: Yeah.

Nick: This life has let me

Joe: change and no murder bees either. Luckily, I’m, I’ve been I’ve been

[00:22:00] lucky on that

Josh: seemed to have gotten stopped by the winter, which is always

had heard, is

20They’re not adapted for overwintering European honeybees are. And so they

would only get so far. But I guess that’s another thing that we can look forward to with

global warming is killer bees will continue their march to conquer North America.

Nick: Yes.

Josh: But they’re like, end em to the southwest and southeast now.

Joe: Wow.

Josh: As far as I know they’ve got them. I don’t know how common they are com-

pared to other species, but there’s definitely reports I saw even up to Georgia and

Tennessee. So they’re out there, man, you gotta watch out for killer

bees. More, more likely than quicksand.

Joe: Yeah, that’s for now, just wait until the killer quicksand. Just when you

thought it was safe

Josh: that turns into killer bees

Joe: Quicksand filled with killer bees at the

Wait,

you get sucked in, they’re

oh, I was

Josh: as, as you’re down, the killer bees are

coming out and stinging you as you’re sinking into the quicksand.

Nick: they’re eating [00:23:00] your feet alive first. You’re just like, oh

Josh: you can get the,

Joe: What’s

Josh: the overly dramatic Nicholas Cage death like

Nick: The

Joe: bees,

Josh: The bees, they’re in my mouth.

21Nick: the bear.

Joe: So after the birds and the bees,

Nick: what happens

next? Joe,

Joe: How we go? Locus

Like locus is probably up there, like for a story. Like it’s just, I mean, it’s biblical,

right?

Josh: One of the

Joe: that’s a if you’re thinking

Josh: Yeah, locusts are really interesting

Uh, like actually

Joe: ants.

Nick: yeah. Over locus.

Joe: I think,

I think locusts are

Josh: are also really

Nick: I don’t know. I just thinking like between ants and locusts, that would go

next. Ants I feel would be the next one

Joe: Locusts are biblical, right? I maybe there’s a ant but able story, but

Nick: I don’t know. I don’t

Joe: Locus are.

Fairly destructive too. They actually destroy millions and billions of dollars worth of

crops like every year. Like it’s, they [00:24:00] are a real,

Nick: don’t they have those ants that like torture people for whenever they swarm

up on people, torture people like they’ve,

Joe: You mean like fire

22Nick: ants? No, the bullet ants.

Joe: the bullet bulletins. I mean,

Nick: Oh, am I mixing

Josh: think you’re thinking about

Nick: army ants?

Josh: which don’t really attack people swarm them. Animals that have reputations

like that, like you have to really mess with them. You have to earn it to get attacked by

a lot of animals

like that. Uh,

Joe: ants.

I can’t.

Those ants are doing nothing to you. They’re just

chilling.

Josh: videos of army ants, like they move in these giant swarms they actually don’t

have permanent hive spaces like ants do. Like they don’t dig tunnel systems in the

earth and stuff. They move in these giant constant swarms through the forest. So you

gotta really put yourself in danger’s way to get attacked by these army ants or, I don’t

know, maybe be like, tied up by a snidely whiplash style villain

and left it in their, I guess didn’t they have that in the, one of those Indiana Jones

Joe: What they like [00:25:00] Uh, honey or something, or they do

Josh: Yeah. And then, then

For the army ants. Yeah.

Nick: See that one I,

Josh: maybe if you do

Joe: was it. But locusts are like, I think a real threat.

23Josh: Well, locusts have two different types of life cycles if they’re, if food is plenti-

ful, they’re fairly solitary and they’re basically just a species of brass hopper. And when

conditions occur that force them to congregate together once they start rubbing up

against each other, if that happens too frequently in a certain amount of time, they’ll

actually start.

Changing their physiology, they’ll get like bigger and the spines on their ex-

oskeleton get bigger and they actually undergo this whole physiological change and

behavioral change, and they’ll start that swarming And so you get those, the biblical

swarms

Joe: Yeah.

Josh: And when they’re in that form, yeah, you can have swarms of millions that

just spread across the countryside for miles devastating

Joe: Yeah. They go any plant life I mean,

Josh: yeah. [00:26:00]

Joe: not localized to just like a neighborhood.

They travel

Josh: And that often happens in like drought conditions and times where food is

scarce. And so that makes them even more dangerous because then they, you know,

the stories of swarms, of locusts destroying people’s crops are really true. And like that

kind of stuff does and can happen,

Nick: Alright. I, given the, I’ll put.

Locust above

Joe: That’s like Exodus, man, one of the 10 plagues of Egypt sent by God to pun-

ish the

pharaohs for refusing to free to Israelites.

Josh: The wrath of God right

24Joe: I mean, they’re,

Listen, if they’re

around.

You know,

Nick: if someone’s gonna swarm me with Locus, I’ll just get my murder of crows

on ’em.

Okay.

Joe: I don’t know. I think the locust could take down the

Nick: I don’t think so.

listen.

Josh: of crows.

You got millions of locusts,

Joe: yeah, they just got the numbers on

Josh: but maybe it would be a smorgasbord for the right

Joe: That’s true. I guess locusts aren’t at the top of the food chain, so they

would have to bow [00:27:00] down.

Like we, we talked about

Josh: about a swarm we had locally here the cicadas, the

periodical,

Joe: CRCs, right?

Josh: Just last year in Illinois in this area, we had a brood of 13 year cicadas and a

brood of 17 year cicadas,

which are different subs.

Joe: Crc.

Josh: subspecies of cicadas that only hatch every so often. They don’t come

out every year.

25Joe: person in the region that didn’t go out and find some

Nick: I don’t think I’ve seen a single,

Josh: news

stories all

Joe: was like everything.

I don’t

Nick: think there was a single cicada in my neighborhood.

Josh: Mean had to go, I mean right. It’s, there’s in in really heavily urban areas.

They didn’t show up that much because the, their eggs have been underground for

13 or 17 years. So if you’ve had a lot of development in your area, then, you know,

they dug up all those eggs along with whatever earth they tilled, you know, to make

development.

So there were a lot of areas around here, like where I live in Chicago, there

[00:28:00] wasn’t really. Much, although there was some down in our park down by

the lake. But we really didn’t have those huge numbers that they had in other areas of

Illinois especially where these two broods overlapped. Which was something that

happens only every 221 years when the 13 and 17 years cicadas line up so that both

broods are hatching at the same time.

And if you’ve never been somewhere where that was occurring, they’re literally

everywhere. They’re all over the trees, like end to end covering the trees and all litter-

ing all over the ground. It’s unreal. And local animals love it. Everything eats cicadas,

basically. Even even things like squirrels eat cicadas during those times.

Joe: poor cicadas. They’re just there chilling, brooding, and

Nick: you woke up to get

Joe: That’s right.

26Josh: 13 years underground just to come up and serve as a smorgasbord buffet

for everything around you.

Nick: So they’re at like the [00:29:00] bottom of the list on swarms that we

Joe: right? Yeah. They’re probably

Josh: Cs are the very bottom of the

Joe: Those are No danger to

Josh: And they’re just food.

Joe: just go out, you want to seek that swarm out. You’re like, let’s go see the

CRCs at the park. I mean, it was fun. We went down to the cab ar, and they were all

over the place.

Mean, you were just, you walk a few feet and you’re getting hit by CRCs. They

were,

Nick: yeah. I don’t think I’ve seen any of them this, whenever that happened last,

Josh: Oh, you missed out

Joe: didn’t

Yeah, I didn’t see any,

gotta, wait, you said 220 years,

Nick: Hopefully I’ll be dead in at least half that

Josh: for both of those 13 and 17

years 13 years or 17 years, you’ll have another brood happening, right? Is that the

cycle? 13

in this area. And there’s multiple broods in our region of the US.

Joe: Okay.

Josh: So there’s other areas that will have 13 or 17

year cicadas match at different times. So if you’re really missing it, there’ll be

something next year or this year

27you can chase ’em down.

Nick: I’m pretty sure I’m good. [00:30:00] I don’t need to go see all these flying

bugs.

Joe: It’s moving down

Josh: saw people online doing recipes with the

Joe: That’s right. Yeah. They were talking the

Josh: Try to, you know, fry ’em up, make little cicada tacos or

Joe: And it was like the younger ones, that hadn’t multi was at the,

Josh: Yeah. You wanna get ’em right when they come out of the ground apparent-

ly, because they’re still kind of soft shell, you want the soft

shell

Joe: don’t want the

Josh: not the uh,

Joe: ones the crunchy ones Throw back. It’s got the crunch. You don’t want ’em

Munch.

You go. That’s it.

Josh: are big.

Joe: They are, I don’t know. I’ve been, have you eaten a lot? I mean, I’ve had meal-

worms.

Nick: How many cicadas have you eaten, Joe?

Joe: Zero.

Josh: mealworms and I’ve had some grasshoppers that were pretty small

grasshoppers as, as far as those things go,

Joe: I haven’t had any other insects. There’s a place they make

Josh: not bad, you know, prime up, a little Cajun seasoning.

Just try not to think about what you’re eating.

28Joe: yeah.

Josh: They’re not bad.

Joe: Like spiders they probably taste tastes a lot like, you know,

Josh: I don’t know. That might be too far for

me.

Joe: They’re like land shrimp, right?

Nick: I thought that would be [00:31:00] cockroaches.

Joe: no, cockroaches are insects. Yeah. No, that’s a whole different line. That’s a,

that’s some hard times there.

That’s,

cockroaches

Nick: were the land shrimp. No. Is that not true?

Joe: No.

Nick: Or is that land crabs?

Joe: I don’t know what you’re talking about. Let’s move along. Now it’s kind. I’m

talking about ticks or something over there.

Nick: What

Joe: land crafts. That’s, yeah.

Nick: all

Josh: You mentioned ticks. I had a couple of movies that I was gonna bring up

and I dunno if you guys have ever heard of the movie Ticks.

It was an older movie definitely like a b or C tier horror movie about giant

mutated

In the mountains, attacking some coeds. But the best part of it is Howard’s broth-

er, Clint Howard noted, excellent character actor Clint Howard who plays one of the

hillbilly criminals who’s growing weed in the mountains that is also defending their

29weed fields against the giant mutated ticks. And he of course, [00:32:00] gets at-

tacked and then there’s lots of great practical special effects if you like, those kinds of

beats here, horror movies. But it does involve, the movie does involve a giant swarm

of giant mutated ticks attacking people in the mountains.

Joe: Those are their best. That’s like Piranha. That was also

Josh: Yeah. Yeah. that’s kind A swarm movie.

You Ana,

Joe: Yes. did

Nick: I’m gonna throw this one out there.

Joe: oh. He’s been, see, he’s been sitting on this

Josh: can’t even say it.

Joe: Yeah,

Nick: I need a minute.

Joe: All right.

Why don’t we do that. I was gonna say my next, the next swarm that I think of are

rats,

Like rats are like, you know, and just the Pied Piper, of Hemel Hamlin. You had, dis-

eases, a lot of things have corresponded to.

Rat infestations in civilization, especially urban civilization of, , black plague, black

death. I mean, you had, things like that. So it is

Josh: Although that was more due to the fleas than

just gotta [00:33:00] they were the the rat’s, Reputation

on,

Joe: I am. They were the conduit though,

Now we’re gonna

had the fleas that actually then were moving, they were

30Josh: It’s a two way street, you know? I mean, the people weren’t all that clean

themselves either. The fleas were going back and forth pretty readily. don’t think we

can totally blame the

Joe: That’s why you have, women who had cats who didn’t, at that time, didn’t die

or get catch the plague. They were considered, , witches. But really they, because the

cats kept the rats away from spreading the f fleas da that they live, but then they got

persecuted as, you know, set of oh, that’s a smart idea.

We all should have a dozen cats. And

that’s,

Nick: where the mob mentality comes in.

Joe: the mob mentality

Josh: You’re right.

Joe: So you were, and when you were talking about the locusts rubbing up

against each other, and then all of a sudden you get this kind of angry mob I thought

of a concert venue , someone rubs up against someone the wrong way and then all of

a sudden you gotta, you got something happening.

Nick: So would shark NATO be considered a swarm?

Joe: know what, [00:34:00] you stop it as I, my youngest son, we were talking my

age, 14, I’ll be 15 a little bit. And we were, we, I said what the episode was gonna be

and he was like, are you gonna talk about Sharknato? I was like,

Nick: You know,

Joe: it. They just had a few sharks. It wasn’t a lot of sharks. Sharknato.

Josh: Hey. I’m happy to talk about

Sharknato though. That’s just good fun.

Nick: this is like the fifth episode in a

Joe: We’ve talked about Sharknato and other

31Josh: Have you, have, you talked about Steve Sanders from Beverly Hills 9 0 2 1

oh. Leaping through a shark with a chainsaw

like chainsaw. First he leaps through the shark.

Joe: Was that the first shark nato or one of the subsequent shark NATOs?

Josh: Not sure they all blend together.

Joe: work together?

I mean,

it was like four. I mean, that’s where people like, they, they’re like, I got this idea.

But it’s dumb.

Josh: were definitely too

Joe: yeah you just go, you just, you always look at shark NATO and go, that’s, if

they went into some room and [00:35:00] pitch that movie, you can pitch any idea you

got.

Just take faith and go,

Josh: Sharknado five, we’re still milking

Joe: right. Yeah.

It’s

Nick: Oh, and then they’re just milking a shirt.

Joe: Okay. That’s not how that works, but all

Nick: for this one it does because

Joe: made genetically engineered sharks with little tets.

Josh: They’re getting really creative

Nick: I think we’re gonna be able to pitch this one. Guys.

Joe: be I’m, there’s a, we’ve had a lot of movie ideas on these episodes.

This is one I’m not gonna be behind. I’m gonna leave this to Nick. He is. Got it.

Hold.

32What else you got? Anything?

Nick: Yeah, so that,

Joe: I mean, that’s, that was on my, and then Ants, I did have ants on my list, but

we touched upon them. Everything else is in there. I mean, the fictionalized, spiders

there was movies about that, like ACH phobia.

Josh: Arag phobia.

Joe: The nineties. That was one

Josh: There was one in the early two thousands I think called, just called Big Ass

Spiders.

Joe: Yep.

Eight. Yeah,

Josh: giant spiders there, eight legged, eight legged freaks, I

Joe: Eight legged free. But those are, but see, [00:36:00] that’s, those are giant

spiders. There’s a lot of ’em

Josh: They’re like fifties sci-fi

throwback

Joe: Yeah. Like them and those types of movies, but just you have a movie where

normal size it, there was, you know what, there was one also B Horror kind of The

frogs.

Nick: Oh, yes.

Joe: And it was like that the seventies

Josh: I’ve seen that VHS cover, but I don’t know if I’ve ever seen the

Joe: and they had a bunch in the seventies. People can go and look, but that was

the environmental kind of movies of animals attacking, you know, humans encroach-

ing on their land. So developers are coming in, they bought the cheap land, and then

the animals kind of rally and then go.

33But the frogs was exactly that, where they were there, and then the frogs started

killing. People one by one,

Nick: do zombies fall under swarms?

Joe: I was gonna say that I had that.

Nick: I had that written down as a note.

Joe: I think they

Josh: That was my thought first for human swarms in fiction. The first thought I had

was zombies

Joe: [00:37:00] I think would fit.

they bunched together And it was interesting because I think in movies or books

you have that idea of zombies. If you, you have the initial outbreak the demise of hu-

manity and the rise of the zombie. And then they appear that they do follow then a

swarm like mentality and behavior

I think z Nation that was at TV show.

Josh: Oh, I love Z

Joe: Yeah. And they had, but they had the swarms. They would go, oh, a swarm of

zombies are headed our way. And they had to get inside. And this whole, this herd, it

was like almost a herd of zombies would go through looking for almost like locusts,

looking for

Josh: Definitely. Following swarm behavior.

Joe: Yeah. So it is really, I think it would be interesting, I would say yes. That they

would find it and yeah, if there’s a food, like if you, there’s a bunch of zombies that are

disorganized and then there’s a stimulus event, they all then converge and actually fol-

low that [00:38:00] behavior to get at that that,

Josh: Yeah. I mean, that basic setup is in pretty much every zombie movie.

Joe: So I

34Josh: You think you’re hidden and then a noise attracts

Joe: that’s right. Yeah. And then one, and then

Josh: then they all swarm.

Joe: They’re all triangulate on that position and you got trouble. Yeah. Especially if

they’re fast moving zombies, which I have issues with, but, okay, we’ll move on. ’cause

that’s not, this is not

oh

Josh: That just seems unfair to the

Joe: Yes, it

Nick: does.

Joe: I, my whole gripe with that people know, is that I don’t know how you gain

ability after you go into a decay state. Okay. That’s all I’m gonna mention with

Nick: See Joe with science,

Joe: it’s just hand waving. I know, but it’s my job to call it out. But it is

Josh: You gotta draw the line somewhere.

I’m, I’m with you. How do you get faster and a limitless supply of energy as a zom-

bie when you didn’t have that as a human shambling? I understand. You know, you’re

barely

Joe: Yeah. They’re all right. But there’s folks that, it’s [00:39:00] like you weren’t

running that fast. When you were alive. Okay. So why are we running

Josh: We’re running for that long. I don’t know if you guys are runners, but you

know, if you are not out there running regularly, you can’t maintain a fast pace for very

long.

Nick: it’s all about the lung capacity though.

Joe: No lung capacity. They’re

Josh: is the lung capacity of an average

35Nick: I’d say none. So like

Josh: the, zombie virus negate the

Nick: drops down to zero and then it just goes infinite. That’s not

Josh: with no lungs? You don’t have to breathe. You could run forever,

solve it.

Nick: Boom

Joe: that was the idea that in,

Nick: was it Walking

Joe: Dead or which movie was that? Or was it Walking Dead where he had, they

had him exhale.

But he was a zombie. Like it was like a cold day when they did the shot and you

saw like a little breath of air you know, the kind of

Josh: I’m

Joe: Yeah, it

I don’t remember

Dead. It was like a mistake. It was one of the episodes where they shot it and one

of the [00:40:00] characters were supposed to be a zombie, but then they were clearly

breathing like a living human.

It was just

Josh: Oh, like they weren’t supposed to.

That wasn’t supposed to

Joe: I always do this ’cause I think it’s fun, but the earliest fictional

yeah. Right there.

Nick: Example.

Joe: I, yeah, I’m married. Yes. I’m a

Nick: This is tearing you up now with

36Joe: It is, I’m feeling very emotional about those zombies.

Nick: Yeah. You got a earliest, lemme guess it’s the Bible or

Josh: locus

Nick: Or, there was some Egyptian hieroglyphics that was found on the wall and it

predated back to a hundred bc

Joe: It’s, our favorite here. It’s the epic of

that story.

has like everything.

Nick: No, this is not acceptable.

Joe: has swarming lions.

And the Bulls of heaven. I mean, that’s

Nick: No, that doesn’t, no,

Josh: knew how to.

Joe: [00:41:00] But every episode it’s that is, that’s just what,

Nick: what’s, I’m gonna call BS on this one.

Joe: it’s there. Then the Iliad, they’re battling swarming bees, birds, locusts all the

kind of ancient swarming of animals in there. Yeah. The Bible, of course, that’s proba-

bly close to the age of the epic of Gilgamesh. Yeah,

you had, divine comedy, Dante , 1320 ce swarm hell has swarming like insects.

And then the Pied Piper, that was 14th, 16th century ce. So there’s a bunch. that’s idea.

That swarming animals coming at you is like the ultimate fear. I mean, as a solo, like

one rat isn’t an issue. 10 rats. Okay. You got a small

Nick: Wait, it depends on what size the rat is.

Joe: I mean,

Nick: is it like a New York rat where it’s like a

Josh: I don’t think they exist.

37Joe: You don’t like a [00:42:00] nice muskrat or Right. I mean a sewer rat they get

big

Josh: princess bride quote,

Joe: Oh,

Josh: rodent of unusual size. I don’t think they exist.

Joe: I was like, what are you talking about? I’ve seen it.

Nick: I’ve lived

Josh: Yeah. Something like a, that’s like A rat the size of a pig or a rodent.

Nick: Or what about when a bunch of rats get all tangled up together and they re-

form the rat king?

Josh: The rat kings,

yes.

Joe: What do you do? You need a bunch of rat kings to swarm. You know, can you

have swarming rat kings?

Josh: I think the idea is the rat King controls the rat swarm

Joe: see. Yeah.

Nick: It’s the nest of it that all gets bunched up with their tails and then they just

start like

Yeah,

Josh: moving as one entity.

Joe: But yeah, those were

Josh: You have to imagine, you know, animal swarms are gonna hold just as much

fascination for our ancestors as they do for us, if not more because people used to live

in a much more [00:43:00] intimate relationship with nature. You know, they were out

amongst animals and the wild much more of their day.

38Whereas we’re fairly separated from the natural world. Most of us, certainly if we

live in cities or urban environments, it makes sense that they were including this kind

of stuff in their stories and in their storytelling. For as long as we’ve had stories in sto-

rytelling,

Joe: Yes. No, I agree. And there, there’s a certain themes you can think of, you

know, the kind of, the fear of being overwhelmed, losing control against this kind of

overwhelming force that we have. The nature retaliation. We touched on that kind of

the seventies was really popular, but through history probably had that push and pull.

Have we gone too far? Are we encroaching too much on the natural world? Intelli-

gence and coordination. You just have these kind of, like you, you were saying earlier,

the birds, that’s, it’s not quite a traditional swarm of just chaotic. They were plotting

and planning and really guiding the [00:44:00] humans where they wanted it.

They were almost boxing ’em , wouldn’t let ’em leave the island. I mean, it was this

whole coordinated effort to keep ’em there. And then you just have the overall sym-

bolism as an allegory to societal breakdown, chaos or pre fears. And that’s almost

magnified when we get to the zombie, right?

Because that is our ultimate not even an animal that’s coming or is chaotic. It’s us

that has become the uncontrolled.

and

the ultimate breakdown, like the breakdown of self. I think that’s

Josh: We become our own worst nightmare.

Joe: So you giving me the look over

there? Give me the looks. What’s happening?

Nick: Nothing

Josh: matter, zombies are humans reduced to nothing but instinct.

Joe: Instinct. That’s right. Yeah.

39Josh: the zombie, The zombie swarm is humans without any of our intellect or in-

dividuality.

Joe: Reduced to the lizard brain, right? Is

Nick: yeah. They’re just Out to feed.

But like only on other people.

Joe: should be like a movie

Nick: out to feed.

I mean, that’s the next [00:45:00] zombie movie.

Joe: It is. We gotta do it.

You’ve heard it here out the feed.

Josh: can pitch that after Sharknado

five. right.

Nick: milking it.

Joe: Zombie nato.

Nick: Oh. Oh no.

Josh: Yeah.

Joe: just when you thought it was safe. The zombie twister.

Nick: Only if we can get that one guy back from the last twisters.

Joe: All right. Josh, do you have any advice to give folks if a swarm is approach-

ing?

Josh: Most part, try to get out of the way and relax. They probably aren’t interest-

ed in you.

Joe: oh, there you heard it there.

Crack open

Nick: know if I can

Joe: off.

40Nick: that. gonna panic and then away in a different

Joe: Get the flame You gotta remember the, the first the first commandment of

Douglas Adams. Don’t panic.

Don’t

Josh: Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy.

Joe: Yeah.

Nick: Oh man, I thought I was, grab the gasoline.

Joe: have your towel

Josh: Yep.

Joe: a towel

Josh: towel.

Joe: and do it.

Cool. Do you have a favorite [00:46:00] swarm? If you had to be in a swarm sce-

nario which animal which you want. I like a

Josh: Like for my own personal safety or

Joe: what? Whatever you

Josh: oh, no, I, I do, I say I have a favorite swarm. One of the things I didn’t quite

get a chance to bring up, but I guess I’ll bring it up

now, is, Dragonfly. Swarms. So there’s a species of dragonfly that migrates from

the Northern North America area down to the Gulf Coast of America and Mexico the

coast of the Gulf of Mexico.

And they passed through the Great Lakes area. And I live pretty close to a park

that’s right on the lakefront here in Chicago. And so every year around like late July,

August, September, we’ll have hundreds of dragonflies passed through the area. And

when I go down to the beach, you can watch the dragonflies coming in and pre on all

the smaller insects [00:47:00] that are flying around the dune grass and then above

41the dragonflies, all of the swifts and birds that are preying on the dragonflies as they

come through.

And it’s just this really cool display of nature that I love getting to see. And it’s

these huge. Swarms of animals, both the dragonflies and the birds that you know, you

can watch without any fear for yourself like I said, none of them are interested in

you.

Joe: doing their business

until they are, until it’s like that’s the guy over there.

Josh: Yeah. So if you’re lucky enough look out for the dragonfly

Joe: And when’s that about? Like just a

Josh: like late summer, I would say August,

September.

That’s when they’re coming through my area. So coming through Chicago and

then eventually they’re going down to, you know, the southern states, the Gulf Coast.

Joe: then it’s go straight. It’s a straight shot. That is so like through Illinois,

Josh: I, I’ve seen them, I’ve seen them around here for a long [00:48:00] time. I

was trying to figure out a little bit more about them. And they follow a similar migra-

tion pattern to Monarch butterflies. They’re actually a lot harder to track, so they don’t

know nearly as much about the dragonflies migration patterns as they do about

monarch butterflies, but they know that they’re in similar areas, similar timeframes.

They’re seeing them migrate along similar paths at similar times, but they just

don’t know as much about the dragonflies.

Joe: Yeah,

I was like I was gonna say monarchs is probably one also insect. And I just hap-

pened to be at like a conference in, was it Monterey or Sylmar, California. And there

was like some huge tree .

42And they were like, oh, this is a place they’re migrating right now. If you go, it’ll be

thousands of ’em. You know, tens of thousands just hanging around. And so we went

and we didn’t see tens of thousands, but they were like more like hundreds and they

were like, oh, we’re off by. It’s not an exact science like they’re gonna be, but it was like

they had a range of dates and we were just there come back [00:49:00] tomorrow.

And we were like we need to leave. We gotta, you know, it’s not like we, this is it,

this is our shop. But it was, they were there. I mean, you could see I mean, it was prob-

ably the most butterflies that

Josh: still pretty

impressive even

Joe: It was really cool. Yeah, it was really neat and fun. So I did enjoy that.

Nick, you got a favorite swarm?

Nick: Yeah, my murder.

Joe: Your murder.

Crows. You’re

Josh: murder of crows?

Nick: Why would, what’s not to love about them?

Joe: The crow army.

Nick: Yeah. I think befriending them and creating an army to do my bidding

would be the best idea

Joe: There it is.

Josh: Nick’s getting ready to be the villain in birds

Joe: know that’s right.

Nick: Hovering above with my crows

Joe: yeah. There. I can see it now. Feeding them bagels. Yeah. You’re like, here

you go.

43Nick: Anything they want

Joe: you go, yeah, I don’t

Nick: feed my birds. What about you, Joe? What’s your go-to swarm?

Joe: I just said Monterey. I I mean, I like the

motto. You didn’t say

Nick: that [00:50:00] was your

Joe: No. I piggybacked off of that one, but I mean, you know what? I’m a zombie

guy, so I’m just gonna go with, I’m gonna go with zombies. I like it. I threw ’em in there.

They’re animals, you know? Yeah,

Josh: Yeah.

Joe: So

Nick: I’m down for that.

Joe: We’re down for it. And I got my country wisdom, so I’m ready to go. I think I

can make it out.

Nick: I feel like I keep sending you more stuff to add to your country wisdom.

Joe: I know you gave me like the Guide to Survival or something like Yeah. I’m just

adding, I’m there.

Nick: I’m slowly just being like, all right, Joe’s gonna have everything I need.

Joe: just need somebody to be prepared. You, I know you’re your game.

You’re gonna be

Nick: out.

Joe: there dingdong.

Cool. Josh, anything else? Did we, we hit everything we can. Any other bits of wis-

dom you’d like to share

Josh: know, I

44I love animals. I’ll talk about ’em for as long as you want. But that’s, I think we’ve hit

most everything that I wanted to touch on.

Joe: Yeah. The now you were, do you have any fun on our way out, like [00:51:00]

a fun story in your. Career as a pest management. Engineer.

Josh: Yeah.

Joe: Sorry, I put you on the spot now you’re like, they were all

Josh: no, I mean, I was coming in as your, as the animal guy, so I should have had

a story ready. A lot of my stories are just like smaller quick anecdotes. A woman who

called in complaining that she could hear a goose somewhere on the pond that she

lived on, that sounded for forlorn.

Those were her words, and she wanted us to come out and do something about

it. She wasn’t even sure what she wanted us to do about it. She just didn’t like that this

goose sounded sad. I learned a lot about how little people, some people know about

nature in the natural

Joe: It’s a sad are just totally unprepared to deal with living next to animals.

Josh: you know, even if you’re, even if you’re living in the city you’ve got animals

all around you. You know, I saw a coyote in one of the cemeteries just the other day

from the train while I was going to work. I’ve seen raccoons pass me on [00:52:00] the

fire escape at, on my building.

Just walking up past the fire escape, just kinda Hey, how’s it going?

Alright. And I just let ’em go, you know, because they’re just trying to make a living

too.

Nick: Oh, so you don’t trap every animal now, like

Joe: Yeah.

Nick: that’s not like your daily thing

45Josh: no, I, I left my trapping days behind. Me and the animals have a much more

peaceful coexistence now which I’m much happier with.

Joe: And you were just personifying the raccoon. It didn’t really speak to you.

it did. It was, were

you out there? Because that’s

Josh: no I can I can make mental contact with the animals now. No. I literally had a

person tell me one time that, that she like psychically communicated with the rac-

coons living in her house and told them to and that’s how she got rid of her own rac-

coon

Joe: Wow. That’s yeah. So what happened with the sad goose?

Nick: can you tell us what it sounded like?

Josh: I always imagined it sounded like, oh. Just like a really sounding goose.

Once we told her we were a private company and if we came out to do anything for

her, we would have to charge her money for that. [00:53:00] She changed her mind

pretty

quickly.

Joe: okay. There it is. You put money in it. Yeah. The good old capitalism there.

The yep.

Go.

Josh: people care a lot less about the animals around them once you tell them

that, no, your city doesn’t pay for this. We’re a private company, you have to pay for it.

Oh, okay. I guess they’ll be fine.

Joe: Yeah. They’ll ha they’ll spruce up on their own, but

Josh: Yeah.

Nick: the spruce, goose.

46Joe: yeah. Yeah. All right. On that note, I think we should go ahead and wrap up. I

know everyone’s all sad out there. A bunch of sad goose. We gotta go. We’ll be back.

We’ll be back again, I promise.

But

Josh: for having me on, guys.

Joe: thanks

Thank you for coming

on and sharing your knowledge about animal swarms and sad goose.

Nick: Someday we’ll have to go get some shwarma.

Joe: We’ll have to get swarm. That’s right. You know,

Josh: Celebrate the animal swarms

with swar

Joe: And on that note, you’ve got me, Joe.

You got Nick. You got

got Nick. You’ve

Nick: And that was

Joe: And that

Nick: [00:54:00] We went down

some animal hole. So

Joe: Some animal holes, don’t we? We didn’t talk about rabbit swarms. We’re

here. We got a rabbit hole of research

Nick: that just seems like part war.

Josh: don’t rabbits don’t swarm as far as I know. But they can get really overpopu-

lated

so their population’s kind of boom and bust.

Joe: or

47there

Josh: But I don’t know if rabbits really having a lot of swarming behavior, it would

be a very adorable swarm.

Joe: If it would be, I ain’t could see that. Yeah. Except when the hawks come and

the owls and the eagles and then it becomes something

Josh: becomes a very grizzly swarm.

Joe: I write on that note. Y’all stay safe out there. Love you.

Nick: Bye-bye.

Transcript: EP 41: Crimes in Time

Can a murder be solved across timelines? Author Lee Matthew Goldberg joins the Rabbit Hole crew to explore time travel, paradoxes, time machines, and mind-bending memory loops.

Listen to this episode now: SubstackAppleSpotifyYouTubeAmazon

Joe: [00:00:00] Hey, welcome back to the Rabbit Hole of Research down here in the basement studio for episode 41. We’ll be talking about crimes through time. You have the crew. You have me, Joe, you got

nick: Yeah. Got Nick. You’ve

Joe: got Nick. We’ve got Georgia, how you there?

geo: Hi there.

Joe: And we have a special guest joining us please.

Lee: Hi, I am Lee Matthew Goldberg. I’m an author. I have two young adult sci-fi books that just came out. And I’m so happy to be here.

Joe: Definitely. And

your books, they revolve around time. One of them miles in time, is that right? That’s the awesome,

Lee: Yes. Yeah.

the title definitely,

Joe: we played off of that Crimes in Time.

Lee: traveling. Yes.

Joe: Yeah. And with that I’ll go ahead and give my little opening definition. We’ll save the list for later. I don’t know. I’m not gonna break my.

My

nick: Can you actually do the [00:01:00] list first?

Joe: I don’t

geo: Yeah. Come on. I wanna hear list.

Joe: No. You guys gotta wait. I want build a tension for the list. Yeah. That’s

geo: what

all.

Joe: like, that’s the fans like.

Time is an absolute universal parameter that flows at a constant rate for all observers.

It provides the backdrop against which all events occur, a cosmic metronome. Indifferent to space or motion, and it’s perceived to flow forward a straight arrow, a line that moves from cause to effect or from crime to consequence. But what if it doesn’t? What if time bends loops, fractures? What happens to justice when yesterday can be edited and tomorrow can reach back to pull the trigger.

What if the criminal disappears into the past? So worse is the past. What about murders that haven’t happened yet? Alibis that exist in parallel timelines, evidence that loops forever. And a terrifying idea that some crimes have no beginning at all.

nick: Is it just me or have your what, your descriptions gotten a lot more wordy. I don’t know. I don’t know.

Joe: I don’t know. And are you giving me, are [00:02:00] you upset about these? No, I’m just Okay.

geo: I think I agree. Yeah.

Joe: Yeah.

geo: I think it probably depends on the

topic. Yeah.

Joe: It

geo: like time.

Time is very romantic,

nick: Romantic.

geo: Yeah. Like that concept of time.

No,

but I think you can real, I can think you can wax poetic about time and I

Joe: Yeah,

geo: that’s,

Lee: I agree. I was with it the whole time, Joe. Yeah, I was, I.

Joe: thank you. Thank you. I get a lot of shade here from my cohost. I feel like

Lee: Good though. It No, it keeps you working for Yeah.

geo: I feel like there’s a little bit of pressure though, ’cause you’ve you’ve said what we’re gonna talk about.

Joe: Maybe I don’t actually. I, that’s what I wanna talk about, but I as listeners, our listeners know that is not usually I don’t get my way. So that’s

geo: you just

nick: by

Joe: so I’m trying to prompt everyone to talk about what I want, but No, it’s

okay.

nick: I felt like. Yeah he’s really trying, that’s

geo: That’s

what I felt like. It was more like,

nick: he knows he can’t script me, so he [00:03:00] tries to,

Joe: maybe what I’ve done is I can actually time travel and I’ve gone back and I’ve created

geo: oh, so we’ve already done this episode and now you’ve gone back and

Joe: right.

I’ve already done it like,

Lee: it’s edited perfectly to fit the narrative. Yeah.

Joe: And every time someone messes up, then I gotta go many times have you done this, Joe?

right. This is so boring.

geo: Those

Joe: Wow. Those jokes are perfectly timed. Yep. That’s it. I ran on top of it.

geo: So I wanna say something really exciting. I did read your book

Lee: Awesome. I love that.

geo: and I

Lee: I love that.

geo: I really enjoyed it. But you will know, you can ask Nick and Joe I haven’t really read a lot of the other, you usually get more done than I do.

And I actually read the whole book. Yeah. So there,

Joe: I

nick: I had to

Lee: I really appreciate that. That means a lot.

Joe: I’ve read, I read the first three chapters, so I’m not gonna, I’m not gonna try to lie my way out of it. I no time travel. I’ll have to go back and catch it.

nick: I had to [00:04:00] restart recently. ’cause I, I started reading yours for a different episode and I’m like, wait, where am I?

geo: It was like time traveling. Yeah.

Lee: Right. It got you again.

It got you again.

nick: I’m just like, wait, what parts do I remember?

geo: So

yeah, I really enjoyed it. And so there’s a part one which I read, but then you said there’s a second one. So when did the first one come out?

Lee: So the first one came out about two months ago, I think May 6th, and then the second one came out about a month ago.

the publishers wanted ’em. Yeah, they wanted both out. Which great. But it’s also like a lot of PR that you have to do for a book.

geo: right,

Lee: Have to do double the amount of pr.

But yeah, no. And will there be a third one? Probably not, but you never know. But probably, yeah, I think the loop has closed

geo: But you never know.

Joe: You never know.

Lee: You [00:05:00] never know. And if it became like a, a franchise of movies, sure. I would write another I would

geo: because I was, I read it and then I looked and I was like, wait, there’s a second one. And so I was surprised. Yeah.

Lee: Yeah. I think it, it’s good marketing. I think a lot of times with indie publishers, they really have the ability to try different things out and see what works, what doesn’t. So yeah, no, it’s great. They’re both out.

nick: And how long have you been write writing for

Lee: Wait,

geo: the,

Lee: been writing, so my first book came out about 10 years ago. My first book slowed down. But I’ve been writing since I was like a little kid. It’s always been what I’ve wanted to do with my life. I think I was saying, I used to write books about my dog getting in like a jam. I was always prepping to be a thriller author.

And then now I have these sci-fi books.

Joe: Yeah,

nick: So did your first book have anything to do with time too? ’cause it sounds like it might

Lee: Slowdown, no slowdown was just set in the present time. But books I’ve been working on for a long time, [00:06:00] so a lot of times, like a book is in the back of my mind while I’m working on another one. And both of these books were I

was figuring them out while I was writing other things. They just took a little longer to marinate.

nick: Oh yeah.

geo: And then I was looking, I think I was looking at some of your other books. Don’t you have something that’s a time travel, but it was like during the Gold Rush or

Lee: Yeah. So my book, the Ancestor it’s my favorite, it’s set in the present time, but it’s about a man who wakes up in the Alaskan wilderness with amnesia and he thinks he’s been stuck in time since the Alaskan Gold Rush. And he sees a man that looks just like him. Follows him home and it brings him like a rush of memories of his wife, his child, but all from back in the late 18 hundreds.

And so he becomes obsessed with this man more and more. The more time he spends with him, the more he remembers about his family. And then he remembers he left like a massive amount of gold somewhere in the wilderness, so he has to [00:07:00] go find it. So it plays with time travel and whether you could really be, stuck in time for a hundred something years.

geo: Okay.

Joe: This brings up some of the paradoxes in time travel. So you get your first of many lists, I

geo: was gonna say that sounds like a list.

Joe: No. And so you have the kind of classic ones is the, like the grandfather paradox where you travel back and you prevent Yeah. Preventing your grandfather’s existence, prevent your own or grandmother or anyone in your

nick: wait, so this isn’t the one where you become your own grandfather?

Joe: No, that’s, this isn’t,

geo: oh,

Joe: is that Futurama?

Wasn’t that a

Futurama episode?

nick: Yes, it is.

Joe: It’s been a while since we had a Futurama reference

nick: I know, right? I couldn’t really shove Tama in all the fantastic four

Joe: well maybe.

Then we have the Bootstrap Paradox. It’s an object or information exists without or origin. And so that one, it raises issues of intellectual property. This is the same [00:08:00] as a gin principle, which is a theoretical that an object’s introduced that doesn’t really have a start origin.

So you don’t know. And the classic was the Christopher

geo: I was gonna say the penny. No, I thought I was

Joe: exists.

And so who actually, when was the watch created? Was it created in his time or in the pastime? And you just have this loop where now an object has

geo: Oh, okay.

Origin. So because there was that penny. This is actually a spoiler.

Joe: It’s older than

20 years.

So,

geo: But they see, he sees the penny from the modern times. And that kind of throws everything off.

but that penny, you know where it came from, right? So it, doesn’t, that’s right.

Joe: It’s not it would not be the a bootstrap paradox or the gin particle kind of paradox. I was gonna say the other one, the other classic bootstrap para bootstrap paradox is in Back to the Future with Johnny B. Good and Chuck Berry, and he [00:09:00] goes, oh, listen, this is the sound you’re listening for.

So now the origin of, that music is, it really doesn’t have an origin because it’ll now be in this loop of just being created.

nick: stop me if we’ve had this conversation before. I don’t know if it was on air or off air, but didn’t it have to start somewhere? Because the start of that loop was when Marty McFly had heard it originally,

Joe: right?

Yes.

nick: And that was pre him going back in

Joe: right? Yes. But

now,

nick: it’s, we saw the start of it.

Joe: You know the start because, that’s the fun of it. You actually know Chuck Berry and his music, and you, we know he created it. But in that. Back

to the future world, it would be now just looped like, where did this music come from?

Because Chuck Berry technically didn’t create it now ’cause he just listened to the sound that some kid was playing on stage and

has reproduced it. So

geo: the question

Joe: so now you have this kind of weird loop because now the origin of it, and now you go in time, he now is, becomes famous [00:10:00] Chuck Berry. And then that loops back.

And

geo: I think it would depend on how much music he had done before that moment.

Joe: it didn’t look like he had done a lot. He was like in, in like his mom’s basement or something. I don’t know.

nick: Also, wouldn’t it make him like stealing IP at that point? That’s

Joe: what I said. You have an intellectual property thing and then Marty consume for, oh, okay. That’s,

geo: know there’s

enough

Joe: problems with Back to the future. I was gonna say that the one that kind of went to Penny and even the, your other story is the temporal identity conflicts where you meet past future selves. And, it raises questions about memory continuity, legal personhood and identity.

And so you have this whole, these moments in time. And then we have the pedestrian paradox. Attempting to change the past actually causes the event you’re trying to avoid. And probably one of the famous examples is 12 Monkeys.

Lee: I love,

Joe: think that one that’s, yeah, that’s a good one. So yeah, just some [00:11:00] paradoxes that you have to, so when you were writing your story, did you think about a paradox or did you just dive in and let the story, just take it where it goes without

spoiling it,

Lee: He, the in, in the Y book, he finds a, almost like in Beetlejuice or they find like about the other side, a book about it. He finds a book about what to do and what not to do in time travel. And his brother’s a genius inventor, so he like leaves it for him. So like one of the things is you should never run into your past self.

And my character is like f that like my past self maybe help me out

Joe: So Lee, I don’t want to cut you off, but maybe for listeners, could you give

Lee: Oh, I’m

Joe: synopsis of the story so that every, we all, I think we all know what it’s

about, but

I realize we’ve been talking

for a while. Oh, there’s miles in time travel and ta

geo: da.

Lee: Totally my bad. Um, So

Joe: just a bad host.

Sorry.

Lee: in, in Miles in time it’s set [00:12:00] in present time in Iowa and it’s about a 14-year-old kid named Miles. His older brother is a genius inventor. He may be working on a time machine and his older brother is murdered. And through kind of a code that the brother shared, he’s giving clues to where the time machine is.

Told to go back in time for a week, figure out who murdered him and save his life. So hence the book, the do’s and don’ts of time travel that the brother leaves for miles. So one of the things I said was to not meet your past self, but Miles is like an amateur sleuth. He’s a detective and he feels like he could use his past self.

So the two of them actually worked together to solve a lot of the mystery together. So I threw out a lot of the rules that I had seen before and other things, but, it’s like, it’s a kid’s book, it’s fun. I didn’t want to get fired too much in a complete believability, so yeah,

geo: Yeah.

That was one of the things that I was gonna bring up. But then I was like, I don’t know if I don’t think this a spoiler. And anyway, he did

Lee: no, you can say it. Yeah.[00:13:00]

Joe: But

geo: But yeah. I thought that was interesting that he did team up with his past self, because that is, I think that’s just so drilled into you Yeah.

That you

Lee: Yeah.

Joe: not, you’re gonna explode

Lee: And like who Who made that rule? Who really knows if that’s an actual thing

Joe: It’s a very convenient plot device. Not to

Lee: Exactly. So I don’t know, I just wanted to flip the script on time. Travel has been done so much in books and TV movies. So a lot of me was just trying to figure out like what kind of new could I do with it?

What kind of new things could I say about it? Also like being a real mystery at heart. ’cause he is an amateur Sherlock Holmes and I wanted it to be like a, who done it first and foremost.

Joe: You, it have to be a nice kind of. Having your own self in the time or the past time that you can consult with, because that kind of prevents your own memories from being corrupted during the time travel. So we have all this, like we were just [00:14:00] talking about the jinn particle, and things can now have a non origin.

And so it is, it would be useful to have someone that knows, oh, this is truly the origin of this thing, or this truly is a piece of evidence, not something that we’ve created. Because I guess through time travel, one could disrupt a change in time and then create another outcome or an event that then would have consequences in that

geo: Yeah. I think the other thing about this story is the fact that he only goes back a week.

Do

you know what I mean? I think that you mentioned that, so

Joe: back to when he is like a

geo: so it’s like you look pretty much the same and Yeah. And yeah.

Lee: But they also are so different

Them has experienced the loss of his brother with that week and around that plus also going back in time. The other one is naive than miles from a week ago. So even though they’re only a week apart, like they couldn’t be more different. And I think they’re able to play off each [00:15:00] other like one’s innocence helps the other kind of almost grizzled, hardened detective even a week later from what he’s experienced.

Joe: Now could the past miles swap and go into the future or does that happen in the story? Sorry, I don’t want to spoil it.

geo: You have to read it and find out,

Lee: you’ll have to read it. Yeah, that’s a spoil there.

Joe: I hit on

geo: I do think that it made my mind went a little bit like when I’m thinking about time travel and then Okay. So, dark matter.

Joe: Blake Crouch? Yeah.

geo: that show, I really I read the book and saw the show, but that one really freaks me out. ’cause have you read it or seen it?

Lee: Yeah. Both. Both.

geo: because then all of a sudden, because there are all these other timelines, now all of a sudden there is like tons of, there’s a lot more of him. You know what I

mean? Yeah.

But that,

Lee: think they

want like a second [00:16:00] season and a third season and

Joe: I don’t think they were traveling through time, per se.

geo: Okay. I, they were,

Joe: They were all at the, they were all at present time. They were just, they were manipulating the multiverse idea. Not a time. They weren’t going back in time. So the split and you got all the hundreds of

geo: Oh, so

didn’t travel in different times at all. It was all in that same moment.

Joe: And the kind of, the idea they were, the hypothesis idea that they were playing off of was that when you make a conscious decision, then you would split that reality because now they’re, like stroger’s cat, is it alive or dead?

But when you make the observation, it then picks a path, but the other path also could create in a different dimension.

And so in

nick: in a different time where you actually chose

Joe: right. Yep. Exactly. Exactly. And so you would get all these hundreds of people because as you’re making decisions. You would keep splitting yourself and create another dimension.

But a lot of those would still try to come back to the same, so you had all these, I forget his name, trying to [00:17:00] find home. And so every time he made a decision that one and it, their dimension was trying to find home and they just all wound up in his home at some point in time. And so that’s why you had this whole thing, at that they didn’t, they rushed that, in the episodes, I think they really I think it was like eight episodes and it was like, boom, now we have hundreds of people and they’re taking a vote and things like that.

Yep. I don’t wanna spoil that either ’cause that’s,

geo: yeah, that’s fairly new. Sorry.

nick: I honestly don’t think I’d be able to work with myself if I went back in time. I forget everything already, like,

Joe: That would be good though, because you But maybe two of you.

Lee: Yeah, two of you could help each other. Remember what you forget.

nick: The two of us would just be like, what happened? I have no clue what happened.

Joe: the George’s point, you could actually think about it this way. What if you started going back at intervals of a day and picking up your past selves? And let’s keep going

geo: I know. I was gonna say then what if you,

Joe: Nicks

geo: If you didn’t travel back to your [00:18:00] present day, right? And you just kept living in that time, you are only a week behind and then there’s two of you,

Joe: And if you go another week, you got three of you and four, or you can fractionate it even more. So in a week you would have seven. Like I don’t know. We’re now getting crazy.

Your time machine’s gotta be pretty big or however you’re traveling.

nick: lot of handwaving going on with

Joe: A lot of folks in that DeLorean. Time travel is, yeah, a lot of hand wave. And at DeLorean, pack ’em in. You gotta have

geo: so there’s

Joe: a Yukon

geo: are you saying the plausibility of time Travel is very low.

Joe: Yes. We’ve discussed this in a

geo: I actually was not on the time travel episode and I was Yeah. And I wasn’t on the Doctor who episode either.

go.

Joe: So Lee should feel very special that Georgia chose the dress. No, I the book

Lee: read the book. Yeah.

nick: you got fully prepared. Right. That’s a,

Lee: fully

Joe: beat out Nick and I on the reading part and here No, I was gonna say,

Lee: right after this you’re [00:19:00] gonna want to pick it up. the, that’s the

geo: right. that’s right.

Joe: Or finish it. I guess I gotta keep. Plowing through it. Yeah. Yeah, I was gonna say the one show, and it came out in 2019, a movie spike Lee, I don’t know if he was the director or producer, but see you yesterday.

And that had a very similar vibe.

about

that. And that’s the

one

geo: good. Yeah. Where

Joe: her brother is killed through, I think, was it police violence or crime, like some

geo: I know he’s shot,

Joe: incident. He got shot wrongfully it felt like it was this wrong place, wrong time. And so she was an inventor was going back to try to correct that.

And so you had that whole, paradox there that it was almost like everything she was trying would lead to the event or just miss it. And it was a very,

geo: well, it made other horrible things happen.

Joe: So that kind of, that pedestrian

nick: does that also fall under the butterfly effect then?

Joe: a small thing that leads to other changes? I guess you could, yes. [00:20:00] Because if you go, that’s one interesting things about the time travel in my mind that when you go back you almost can’t leave the environment unchanged

nick: you being there.

Joe: That’s right. Yep. Yep. So you would definitely have that happen as

nick: you being there already

Joe: All right. Changes everything.

You’ve introduced just breathing, you’ve introduced stuff contaminate to that timeline, so let’s use that. Contaminant, yes.

You contaminate

geo: you’re bringing back like some weird

Joe: No, you’ve introduced, right?

So you’ve just going there and you’re dander off your skin, breathing your breath into the air, or breathing in.

You’ve now contaminated the timeline

nick: and then whatever pollution that’s different and blah, blah, blah, blah,

Joe: Yeah.

nick: You don’t Well, oh

geo: I don’t know. He’s weird this

nick: I agree with him on this one.

This is a

geo: particular story, he goes back to the same place that he was. So it’s not like he’s going to some foreign land.

Joe: Yeah, [00:21:00] but you yourself, the minute that you step, like in any environment, like when the minute you come into the room, like just like present time, let’s keep it there. You come into the room, you’ve changed the environment

geo: At least you didn’t say I contaminated it.

Joe: Sec, if it was a clean room, you did. So if you come, go into a clean room, you’ve contaminated. So you have contaminated with yourself. We all have as you come in and leave and go and be in the world. So that same principle exists if you time travel and you go back, even go back minutes.

That timeline has been contaminated by a new, similar, but different Georgia that came into that

timeline. That make sense? Yeah. Lee, what do you guys say? Are you,

Lee: Also that’s what creates a good story. If there was a way to go back in time and nothing was altered, there’d be no stories about time travel. In every story something gets affected, which causes something else to get effective, et cetera. I think in my [00:22:00] books. It’s like they try to do as little as possible with affecting the most change for them and not for a global atmosphere.

But they’re not successful at that either. Like, like of course they’re gonna do something that’s gonna create a bigger kind of effect and change.

Joe: a ripple effect

Lee: Yeah. And in the

second book, they go back in the second book, they go back into the nineties

to fix their family, so their family has issues.

So they go back in time when the issues began for the parents. And then it was just a fun way to go back to 1999. So

Did it.

geo: So did you think a lot about the plausibility or the science or was that something Yeah,

Lee: I definitely read a lot of time travel books. I watched a lot of movies that connected to it. Some of the ones that you mentioned, Joe, like 12 Monkeys. But also because the books are, adults have been reading them and honestly probably more than kids, but I really wanted to keep the the age, like 12 and up.

[00:23:00] So I didn’t wanna do too much, like I didn’t wanna overload 12 year olds with any kind of mathematics or anything that would bore me.

I kinda left out it. yeah.

Yeah. I think there’s nods to certain things here and there. He reads I might be mispronouncing it, but Godell, who is like a philosopher or scientist about time travel.

So that’s the passcode that he uses. So little things here and there, I kinda added into the books. But I’m not so smart in, in terms of science, math, but I didn’t wanna yeah, I didn’t wanna bite off more than I could chew in terms of

nick: You didn’t want a 14-year-old scrolling on the floor. All the mathematics of. The

Lee: Didn’t wanna. Yeah. Yeah. I didn’t want a 14-year-old being like, this guy doesn’t know what he is talking about.

geo: But it, kind of as simple as possible,

In general there, the sciences, there isn’t a lot of science.

Lee: Yeah. We have not traveled back in

Joe: No one’s done it.

nick: that we know of.

Joe: Yeah.

Lee: that we know of. That’s true.

Joe: Yes. No, that’s,

Lee: for the most part it’s speculation and, that’s good for a fictional author. [00:24:00] Like when there’s stuff that’s only been speculated, you could make things up as you go. It’s why writing sci-fi is fun.

nick: Just to be able to have that freedom of the unknown and

Lee: Yeah. Yeah. I’m creating worlds and like I said, most of my books are thrillers, but I’m more interested in moving towards. Sci-fi, the one I’m working on now has a little kind of like horror bent to it, but a little

supernatural. Yeah. Yeah. I wanna play around with it. I might do it under a pen name though, and then have separate.

Joe: from your, yeah.

nick: Is

that gonna be a ya a book as well or is it gonna be

Lee: No I don’t think I’m doing Y again. I think this is it. Yeah, you’re limited, there’s certain things you can’t do and I mostly write more disturbing thrillers. So I had to play a little, almost too nice for these where I want to go back to what I like to do.

geo: And I do think this had a lot more edge and it was the, but one of my favorite books when I was little and this [00:25:00] I’m somewhat dating myself, but also it was a really old book even then.

But have you ever heard of Homer Price?

Lee: That sounds familiar.

Joe: Yes.

geo: And I love those books, Homer Price and they’re illustrated by the guy that, that wrote that book Make Way for Ducklings.

Do you know that?

Lee: Okay.

nick: No.

geo: favorite make Way for Ducklings. No.

we might, we probably have that back there. No, but anyway,

Joe: It’s a time travel book.

geo: Anyways, I love the illustrations, but it’s like this kid, and he lives in a pretty rural area, but then it, like, all the little stories in it are things that happen and he has to solve these little mysteries and stuff.

So it really, it, I don’t know why it, it brought that to mind when I read ’cause there was something of a, there was an innocence to it,

Lee: yeah. Yeah, I wanted also, thank you. I wanted like a nostalgia factor and especially with the sequel the sequel kind of was when I was in high school, so like they go back to. At the [00:26:00] time that I remembered really well in terms of when I was that age. So yeah, I think anytime, a book connects you to nostalgia.

My favorite books as a kid were ULA and the Celery Stocks at Midnight by Deborah and James Howe about the kind of vampire bunny.

geo: oh yes. Okay.

Lee: those are my favorite

Joe: Very neat. I was gonna say,

Lee: adventure

Joe: Go ahead Lee. What was that

Lee: I’m saying and all the choose your own adventure

Joe: Yeah.

geo: Oh yeah,

definitely bump.

nick: Goosebump C Cho adventures were so good.

Joe: Yeah,

Lee: so I just was on a panel that I moderated last week at Thriller Fest and RL Stein was on the panel from

geo: Oh, that’s so fun.

Lee: was the best. He was like, we’re just gonna treat it like a standup comedy routine. And I was like, all

geo: that’s so fun.

Lee: Yeah, no, he was really funny. And he is very sweet. Yeah.

Joe: Yeah.

That’s cool. Your second guest that was on that.

was

in conversation

with Oh yeah,

Earl Stein. Yeah.

Lee: Oh yeah.

nick: about

that. Yeah.

Yeah. Jonathan Mayberry was had to [00:27:00] reschedule one of our recordings to go do an interview with

Joe: a

geo: he was doing An event.

Yeah. In

Joe: In conversation with,

geo: Stein.

Joe: or Earl Stein. Yeah. No, look at that.

He is

geo: I think we need

to get Stein on

Joe: Yeah. The universe is speaking to us. Our time travel from the future. I was gonna say we were talking about research and things and one that came to mind was the, I guess a mockumentary the history of time

geo: Oh, that was really good. Is

nick: that what mark du plus,

Joe: don’t, I don’t know who was in it. Yeah. It was the whole thing was about the creation of the time machine. And so this group, a group of or scientists makes a time machine and uses it, and then every time they use it. You see all these changes.

So like the Russians get to the moon first, or in technology, like the first

geo: it was really, it was a very clever

Joe: because the background,

Lee: was the name again?

Joe: The history of time travel.

Lee: History of

Joe: Time travel. it was

like, I think it was like 20 14, 20 15. Somewhere in that

ballpark.

geo: little [00:28:00] Easter eggs that were subtle, but like the pictures on the wall would then change when they’re like

Joe: or like the video game consoles that they use to build the time machine with to control it.

You start and you keep seeing it modify and yeah, it was, and then they go back to destroy the plans ’cause it’s ruining everything. So you have this whole

geo: yeah, it was really good

Joe: And then it, yeah, I don’t wanna spoil

geo: Yeah. Don’t spoil it.

nick: I think the one I was thinking of was safety not guaranteed with Mark

Lee: Oh, that’s a good one.

nick: And Rey Plaza,

Lee: I’ll be pause it. Yeah.

Joe: Yeah.

nick: Guy puts an ad in was gonna say about the ad. Yeah, Okay. Yeah.

Joe: Yep.

nick: yeah.

Was was definitely one of those time travel movies where I’m like, oh, that’s really good. Fun little adventure, trying to build a time machine as well. And everyone thinks he’s crazy.

He might be right. Mm-hmm.

Joe: We could just

Lee: That I love primer. It’s about

nick: Yes.

Lee: 20 years ago, I wanna say. Yeah, it was a small movie. I’m forgetting the director’s name. [00:29:00] Shane. Shane something. But it’s really good if you’re able I don’t even know if you could find it like beyond, probably like on DVD or something. But it’s great.

Joe: Yeah.

We’ll put

it in

nick: watch it on YouTube and

it’s

$3.

Lee: true.

nick: Oh,

geo: nice.

nick: Uh, Shane Cirth. Kth.

Lee: Yeah, with a C. Yeah.

nick: Is

Lee: then he did another movie that was like just as weird, not as good, but also interesting. And then that was it.

nick: Yeah. Primer was definitely one of those that were like, whoa. And

Joe: didn’t see

Lee: And probably made for $200,000. Like it was

really well made for how cheap it was.

nick: And still underrated,

Lee: Yeah, no, completely. Completely.

nick: my train of thought for a second. ’cause I kept thinking of primer.

Joe: Let’s go back.

Lee: That’s fair.

That’s

nick: like,

Joe: We got time travel back.

A couple

nick: all [00:30:00] brought me back on that movie and I’m like, Ooh.

Joe: I was gonna, I was gonna mention, ’cause we it came up in the conversation but just time travel the mind.

And how that can be a form of time travel where you don’t, it’s all just a construct. ’cause your brain can fa fast forward and imagine events, but also in the past you know it, which is somewhat corruptible. And so just in your own head, you could have a whole time travel esque story where you’re, in this loop, this mental loop of time travel.

And you have that. I don’t know if, I don’t think there’s any stories like that where you’re

nick: 51st Dates

Joe: That’s a,

I guess it would

nick: yep. 51st states

falls into that

geo: now what are you saying that you keep reliving something in your right.

Joe: not necessarily reliving it, but that the time travel component is more mental than almost in your brain than being [00:31:00] a physical manifestation of you traveling back into the past or into the future.

nick: which I.

I would think that 51st dates is Drew Barry Moore’s character is time traveling every day. She wakes up then.

geo: is that like Groundhogs Day?

nick: No.

What

she gets hit in the

Joe: Groundhog’s Day is a form of time travel.

he is time traveling back to the beginning of the day. but just keeps repeating and repeating. Keeps

it. He just keeps repeating

one day. Just over and over.

nick: Yeah.

Joe: And maintaining the knowledge of

nick: The previous day. 24 hours. Yeah.

Yeah. Previous experience.

Joe: Previous experience. There’s another one where they were stuck in a hotel. There’s been a few like that.

Lee: Oh

Joe: They were in, in a

Lee: yeah, with Andy Sandberg.

nick: palms.

No. Was

Lee: That one was great. Yeah. Palm Springs was that.

nick: was that it? I wanted to say that, but I was

Lee: was, it was like at the pandemic when it

came.

So like, it was

But I don’t have a memory around it.

Joe: It was like, oh, it was like time travel the

Lee: it was [00:32:00] really good. It

was,

Joe: right? Yeah. That was good. I’ll look it up and get that in the show notes too. A lot of good movies for time travel.

nick: Oh, a hundred percent. Like it’s such a

Lee: fun one to an argument, you could make an argument that every time you have a memory, technically it’s time travel.

nick: Yeah, I And that, that was the case of the

geo: the, and

Lee: Every memory you’re going back in, in time.

Joe: You are.

Lee: Even if the memory changed,

Joe: you do you will corrupt memories. So as you access memories, you can rewrite ’em. They’re not fixed in time. So it’s every time you pull a file out, you can make an edit, then put it back, and then when you pull it out again you go, oh, it was blue.

We, it was, we were driving a blue car Right,

it was red. So did you, to that point, did you time travel in a blue car? But now you’re in this, now in this

other timeline.

nick: E even sense can help can take you back in time.

Lee: Oh, yeah.

nick: Oui where the critic,

He had the oui and he was like,

And he

Joe: I think OU [00:33:00] has put a little bit of crack in his food.

Lee: they have said

that like.

nick: poison.

Joe: I think he was like, oh yeah,

ahead.

nick: say, Lee? I’m sorry.

Lee: Say, I can’t remember if what they say about deja vu is that deja vu. Oh, I not, this connects to dark matter. The deja vu could be a memory almost of a different slight multiverse of where you’ve Just the same, but something’s like a little off.

nick: So it’s that split in, thought process then. All right, one of us is doing this, but the other one is doing this.

Joe: Or, we’re in the matrix.

nick: Yes. Or it’s a glitch.

geo: could, it.

could be a simulation, say

Joe: deja vu,

Lee: Yeah. Look, it could be everything. We could be in a simulation that’s time traveling

Joe: Time travel, yes.

Lee: It itself, in a black hole again and again. Yeah. You don’t know?

geo: And then when you were talking about memories, it made me think of [00:34:00] the mento because in a way, he time traveled because he forgot everything and then had to go back and figure

Joe: 51st dates? Yes.

nick: Barrymore,

Joe: Yeah.

geo: I think I saw, I think I saw that.

Joe: And you keep going back to that Same. I can’t remember if I’ve seen that movie or not. I don’t think I’ve

nick: It’s been years and a half, but for some reason that movie popped movie mind. It stuck

geo: with It Stuck with you?

Lee: It’s a well-known movie. Yeah. It’s a beloved

movie.

nick: don’t know if it popped up on

Joe: they don’t describe it as a time travel movie, but I think they should. It probably would be more popular.

dunno. Adam Sandler? I don’t know how popular his movies are nowadays.

shoot. What? Laying a Shade down on,

nick: Sand, it’s not his nineties films where it was like, oh, every one of those was a hit. Yeah. Barrymore.

Lee: 50. First date was probably like the beginning of the end, yeah. Then he got a Netflix deal and he just started cranking him out

nick: oh yeah he’s

Lee: and like more power [00:35:00] to him, like I’m sure they paid him $50 million to do nothing.

nick: I would you get to hang out with your friends all day and Yeah,

Lee: Happy Gilmore too is coming out. I don’t have high hopes,

geo: that’s probably it.

Joe: with? Chris Rock and

nick: oh, grownups.

Joe: Grownups.

yeah. Then grownups

Lee: grownups. Yeah. Billy Madison is a classic. That was great. The weddings,

nick: the wedding

Joe: Wedding singer,

nick: Now we’re just time traveling through

Joe: The water boy. Yeah. There it

geo: we’re all reminiscing.

Joe: oh, remember when?

geo: I,

Lee: He and Chris Farley used to do this sketch on Saturday Night Live where they were like an old married, like couple, and they would read the GATS reviews and then just like shit on all the reviews. And it might be my favorite thing

nick: But

Lee: Chris Farley played the wife

she was like the positive one, and Adam Sandler was like the cranky, like old man.

geo: awesome.

nick: Oh, those were fun [00:36:00] ones. I miss those. But for I honestly think that there can be some kind of. Mental time travel though. Like I feel like out of all of them, that one might be the one that I can Get behind and being like,

go.

This is in the realm of plausibility

Joe: except I think it, when you start going down that road it’s your memory versus everyone else’s memory, right?

Yes. And so that becomes,

nick: because what was that movie with Jim Carrey?

He was a erasing Memories.

geo: Oh

Joe: Sunshine of a Spotless Mind.

nick: Would that be considered a time travel movie then?

Joe: I don’t

know if it’s time you,

nick: going back in his mind and

Joe: in his mind,

the way the movie was filmed and the story was told, you do have a lot of flashbacks where you’re going and you at some points in that movie, and it’s been a little bit since I watched it, but you were you were questioning where you’re in present.

’cause they almost fell back in love again. Because all their members are erased. Then they went back, so they reset and then they [00:37:00] fell in love. So you really didn’t have, you’re right, it was more mental. ’cause they didn’t chronologically go back, six months to the beginning of the relationship.

They just met each other and it was that kind of chemistry re-sparked and they had, they moved forward from there. So in some ways, yes, they reset. It’s

geo: It’s more of the talking about it like, like memories. Obviously

was saying yeah.

nick: of all of them, I think the memory one is in the realm of possibility.

Joe: That’s not a true chronological, you’re not really. Going back. I, in some ways you are, but you’re not really

nick: but trying to relive those memories in your head, that other person isn’t there.

So it’s changing your history.

Lee: Yeah,

nick: It’s just on a more

Lee: time travel element. There’s definitely time travel elements

nick: It’s just a personal time travel where no one else in your life is affected by it.

Other

Lee: There’s also the butterfly effect as well in that one [00:38:00] because their relationship changes due to the memories being erased as well.

geo: Yeah.

nick: Yeah. That’s the one where I’m like, it’s one of those not classified as a time travel, but probably is a time travel film. Like there, there’s so many of those that.

Fall into that category, like 51st dates and momentum. Is Momento considered a time travel movie?

geo: Momento.

Joe: Momento? No. It’s not a

time

geo: No, it’s a more It is his, he has that short term memory loss,

Joe: right?

nick: Which

Going by

geo: oh,

Joe: uhoh.

nick: I’m waving my hands around here and just,

Joe: a lot of hand waving ’em

nick: Yeah.

full hands tonight.

Joe: I was gonna say that we’re talking about.

Going in back into the past, but really that theoretically the math suggests you’ll actually be able to go forward

In time,[00:39:00]

nick: I think going forward is a better idea than going to the past. Like personally, I don’t think there’s anything in the past that I’m like, yes, I need to go to that.

Joe: There’s a lot of bad stuff in the past. Yeah. That I’d wanna

geo: And so you are hopeful that you are hopeful that the future may be better?

nick: Or I’m just dead in space. I don’t know.

Space.

Joe: in space.

nick: Yeah. If you go for

Joe: Hopefully you’ve done the math and you calculated Yeah. Where you need to land. Because you’re right If you miscalculate, then you’re are moving. Yes. You’ll be in a wall. Like you’re off a little bit. You’re just in a wall now can someone get me outta the drywall please?

nick: I’ve been splitting two.

Joe: Yeah. Why is someone, why is our walls talking all of a sudden? Sounds like Nick. No, I, so I think forward time travel, but it’s maybe not as interesting.

I don’t know. Maybe that’s why. ’cause usually either you’re forward time traveling, you learn something, oh man, [00:40:00] this meteorites gonna smash into the earth. And then you go back to convince people that you’re not, crazy and

you

geo: a Terminator,

Lee: Yeah.

Joe: Like Terminator. But they, when the machine is trying to kill you, I don’t know if you need a lot of convincing, not.

There’s a sophisticated AI machine hell bent to kill humans. Or

Sarah Kana

Lee: two.

Joe: particular.

Lee: Terminator two is still one of the greatest movies ever

nick: Yes,

geo: I think so. I love

Lee: just perfect. It looks fantastic. It like,

Joe: Yeah.

Lee: tens across the board.

Joe: when I was, this goes to, we’ve had this discussion about movies where the sequel is as good or better than the original. The first movie in the series. And I think the consensus we

Lee: one is great, but Terminator

Joe: two is, yep. Alien Aliens.

nick: Nope, we disagree with that one.

Joe: Superman.

Lee: Those are both good in their own

Joe: as good, [00:41:00] and I was going to say the discussion, Nick and I, we’ve come to some agreement I think, is that usually when you have that.

Is that the style of the movie changes,

it

off. So you have, alien was a horror, aliens was action. I think you can say the same thing about Terminator and Terminator two. Terminator one was more almost a horror thriller. And two was as action. It was, so you have that, the split between the movies and I think it is, it’s really, it’s well done.

I think if you’re writing a sequel, that’s a good way to go is to

Lee: Yeah. And then smart because it keeps enough of it the same, but also takes it in a different direction. So I think the audience wants something a little bit new from a sequel. So I feel like whenever they do that and do that right, it tends to be

Joe: Yeah. Yeah.

Lee: A lot of times they do it wrong though.

Like in the sequel, like I just saw yesterday, I saw that the Megan

sequel

Joe: yeah, I heard it.

Lee: That was an terrible movie.

Yeah.

nick: I forgot. That was already,

Joe: right. Yeah. [00:42:00] Yeah,

nick: I liked the first one. I just have not

Lee: one was fun and dumb, and then second one is like a full action movie and it’s just doesn’t work.

It’s

Joe: I think you, you have that with Slashers genre in general. You know that the second one is usually he just goes all

geo: or do you mean the 10th one

Joe: or to Yes.

Depending on the But I wanted it camper. Like I wanted,

Lee: Feel like that movie worked the best. It was leaning into its stupidity. Yeah.

But this one would have moments and then it would like veer from

Joe: Start taking yourself serious. Then you

Lee: A little bit. Like it had something to say about ai. It was like, I really need that from you, Megan.

Joe: Yeah.

Don’t need it.

Lee: we’re good. Just Yeah.

geo: we already know we’re

screwed.

Lee: Yes, it was. It was a Megan Ted talk. That was the vibe.

Joe: it is. They should lead with that. And that probably would get ’em some more fans.

Lee: Yeah.

Yeah.

Joe: No. Yeah. I think, yeah, forward time travel’s interesting. But yeah, the [00:43:00] storylines

nick: yeah.

geo: Yeah. So if you had to pick one, you would pick forward.

nick: Yeah. I have zero reason to go to the past. There’s nothing good back

Joe: Yeah. Yeah. Lee, how about yourself?

Where you

Lee: don’t know. I don’t know if I want to like to know the future and then have to deal with it. I don’t know.

nick: I just know going forward in time, you’re gonna either a die because of whatever kind of diseases are there now, or B, bring diseases that you already have now in the present

Lee: You’ll contaminate. You’ll fully

geo: go

Joe: contaminate to the

nick: the, you’re the,

Joe: so I, the question, and we will come, I’ll ask Lee and we can, George and I can answer, but how far are you going?

nick: Oh

Lee: If we’re already doing it, let me go like far, like I don’t want to go like 20 years. Let me really see 500 years

Joe: You are like time machine, like you’re going 10,000

Lee: yeah. Like

Joe: You’re

nick: I want 1000 years in the future. Thank you. Go full Futurama.

Lee: about right.

Joe: And hope your bank is still exists,

like, you know

nick: exactly.

geo: Like in Futurama, right?

Joe: Yeah.[00:44:00]

nick: We’re Fry going fu

Joe: I’m a billionaire.

nick: The full Futurama. How much is my interest now?

Joe: Yeah, so you’re going forward a thousand years, Georgia you did, you

geo: I don’t

nick: Lee’s going 5,000. Lee.

Joe: Lee, you said 500 or 5,000.

Lee: Yeah. That 5,000 might be,

yeah, like

Joe: forward, you’re

Lee: 500 and a thousand enough where it’s different. But I don’t want like Sea

Joe: Yeah,

Lee: Earth or any, yeah.

Joe: but so you’re going forward not backwards. Is your

Lee: For me.

Yeah,

I don’t know. I’ve written historical books, so Sure. I think it’d be cool to, like we were talking before about the Alaskan gold rush, like to go to an or. I’ve spent so much time researching. I feel like that would be really interesting. But yeah, sure. Let me go a thousand years in the

Joe: Future.

Okay. So we’re there. Yeah. ’cause going back to the gold rush, it seems like a hard life, even if you’re just

Lee: Really cold, like

Joe: like the vacation you don’t really want, like you

Lee: It’s not so much a vacation, like killing bear and eating bear and

Joe: [00:45:00] a, yeah. That’s a rough, that’s a

Lee: Let me go to a spot in the future if that.

Joe: There it is.

geo: gosh, I don’t know. That’s really tough because I feel like you’re really like just totally

no

control.

nick: Hopefully in the future.

they’ll have a Westworld type thing going

geo: No, It’s called Future world.

Joe: Future world

nick: Yeah. No, but I, in the future, I want a Westworld type.

Joe: Oh, I see. Yeah. You want to go to the future for the Yeah.

nick: That way I don’t have to deal with all the stuff of the past

geo: But you can experience it.

Joe: All right.

geo: Interesting. But you do know some of the complications that happened?

nick: bad happens. I don’t know what, I’d never, I didn’t finish the show, don’t worry. I can guarantee nothing it was a movie I’m actually going back to the 19th, whatever. Was it seventies?

Joe: You were going back to the seventies?

geo: No, not in the time. Travel. In the, talking about Westworld. Whenever the Westworld movie

Lee: Oh.

Joe: So you want, [00:46:00] so you, instead of Westworld, you want to go back to seventies?

geo: No, I, no.

Joe: Seventies world.

Lee: You want there to be a seventies world to go back

Joe: right. Yeah. So you go in the future to go back to the an

geo: I think that you guys

Lee: their version of the seventies, be a skewed version. It would be, real, but not fully real.

geo: I

dunno. I think I’d have fun. And it’d be more like if you could just go to different times. Yeah. Do you know what I mean? Not,

and just

hang out a little

Lee: you don’t have to

pick

geo: what I’m saying,

like I, I think there’s some moments in history I would love to go to and just hang out, it’d be really cool.

But if it’s only one thing, one way I don’t know. Because you’re really like putting up so much to chance about going,

Forward. I don’t know.

Joe: Yeah,

geo: I don’t know if I can decide.

Joe: You don’t Dunno if you Boo.

that’s a lot of hand waving on there. I don’t know.

nick: Joe, what about you? Where are you going?

Joe: I’m [00:47:00] with Nick. I don’t really, I a

A person of color going back into the past, there’s not a lot of super great stops. So I, some it might be interesting for a little bit, but then you gotta deal with everything else. So yeah, probably I would punch my ticket to the future and I don’t know, I dunno if I would go super far. Like I see the point let’s just go hundreds and

nick: Like I want the future with flying cars. Like

Lee: Yeah.

nick: just we were promised this future and we do not

Joe: We have, there’s, there’s cars that can get you up in the air. That, that exists now.

nick: we’re,

geo: but it’s not like the Jetsons.

Joe: I don’t know if I want

Lee: Element. Yeah,

Joe: yeah. The fifth element I, and we drive with people with four wheels on the ground and they have trouble. So do you really wanna be in the air with people like zipping around like that? So if AI is controlling the flying cars and we just sit back and chill, then I’m for that.

But if people being, people are flying around in , 1500 pounds of metal[00:48:00]

and jet fuel, I’m gonna pass on that.

Lee: Disaster. More like minority report.

nick: I’m okay with that. Like that cyberpunk

Joe: Yeah. Thought police. I don’t know. I feel this going 10 years. 10 years up. 10

years.

’cause what can happen then? See, I’m still 10 years younger, but I’ll meet my 10 year older and then we can do stuff. We can like,

nick: wait, what kind of stuff are you trying to do with

Joe: into it? I

nick: get into it.

Joe: Why? Take over the world

nick: Oh. Oh, okay.

Lee: Oh

Joe: Not what are you guys talking about?

Stop it.

nick: drama. The way you were talking about it, I’m like,

Joe: No, we were talking about earlier about having your, yourself as your partner in crime or in Ah,

nick: Ah, trying to y you Yeah. Time looped it back around.

geo: wants to ti he wants to team up with

Joe: that’s

right. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. I guess I can go back 10 years. I go plus and minus 10. Just [00:49:00] this wheel of that the spinny and go the price is right.

I

geo: exactly when I would go back to,

Joe: yeah.

See now I’ve opened up a whole nother thing.

You get to go back and actually team up with yourself, like maybe your 25-year-old self, just go back and be like let’s get this done.

Let’s

do,

geo: are you, your, you 50-year-old

self?

Joe: The only reason I don’t wanna go back was because I was like, either I’m stopping at poor postdoc, poor grad student, poor undergrad, and none of that is there’s no capital to do anything.

So I figured if I go 10 years forward, hopefully I’ve, I have some capital. I’m not paying tuition anymore for kids or anything like that, and I’ve stockpiled some money and then now I come with my still youthful. Excitement about the future. I show up and we make it happen. I guess I could be a poor older also

nick: because

then you’re just changing the whole future for yourself.

Yeah. So then the you that exist now

Joe: I would, I, if we have time to prepare, if we have time to [00:50:00] prepare, I’m gonna get my country wisdom. And

nick: you’re gonna go live in the woods

Joe: no,

I would do things like if I, if you go you gotta go live and you can’t come back, then I would take things of value, so I would probably go get gold wire and things like that.

That would be a commodity to trade and sell. Very fixed things, but still light. So thin it up and then go, and then you have,

geo: Or would you get all the sports stats and then,

Joe: Oh, okay. Back to the future.

Lee: Sure. Yeah.

Joe: I don’t think, you’re going into the future. You’re, if you’re going in

geo: I’m saying if you’re going

Joe: are you getting?

geo: No, I’m saying you, I’ll never

nick: for you, you would end up going with sports stats, so you can

Joe: Yeah, but I’m going into the future. They’re no good. I got

nothing. One, I’m

like past too.

I said if I, if you go in the past, maybe, but you,

geo: yeah.

Obviously in the future people would be like, who cares? Who won the World

Joe: right. 30 years ago?

In 2025, the winner’s gonna be what? What do you mean it happened already? Oh

nick: wait. When am I

geo: like [00:51:00] this. I like this. A story of the time travel going wrong. Kinda.

Joe: You go, you show up, you’re like, oh, I’m going, I’m gonna go 10 years in the past with all these facts and figures you spent years memorizing and then you get in and you show up and you’re 10 years.

Plus just like

nick: who am I? What am I? Where am I?

Joe: Yeah, that would be

nick: I That would be the luck too. I’m going to the past. When am I the future?

Joe: you just spent all this time memorizing. Yeah, that would really suck. I’d feel bad for this person.

nick: I think it’d be really funny. Like I can’t wait to see that movie.

Joe: There it is, Lee, do you have any events or anything you wanna plug? You got your book, the two books you

Lee: yeah, I’ll be at Voucher Con, which is like the mystery thriller writer convention. The first week of September in New Orleans. Yeah.

Joe: cool.

geo: Very cool.

nick: What

Lee: I’m coming off like the second book?

is called Time Fixtures.

’cause they go back in [00:52:00] Time to Fix Time.

nick: Sorry. I, it’s been bugging me. I’m like, I don’t think you’ve said it. And I don’t know the name of it. Two points.

geo: Let’s fix that

Joe: miles

Lee: Oh, there you

nick: We’ll go back. Don’t worry.

Joe: Yes. Post edit.

It’s like

Lee: And yeah, it takes place in, in 1999. Like I said.

Joe: Nice.

geo: That’s awesome. ’cause then everyone’s worried about Y

Lee: Yeah, there’s a little bit of kind of Y2K paranoia and disc man, there’s a lot of kind of the music from that era.

geo: That’s really cool.

Joe: Yeah. But VH one is still, they had the, remember they showed they played party like 1999 by Prince On Loop

geo: for 24 hours.

24

Joe: hours. Yeah. It was like that. They still showed music videos, but they just had it on a loop. And

so,

nick: Wait. Hold on. What. VH one shows music videos.

Joe: They did? Yes.

geo: Can you

believe

Lee: that way.

Same tv.

Yeah.

Joe: Yeah. No,

Lee: One, it was [00:53:00] It was not just for teen

moms. I feel like they should bring it back music videos

Joe: you do.

like on, on Apple Music, music videos For songs like that, people still make

music videos. Yeah, but they’re not, yeah, they’re not as, there’s not TV for it, but They do it.

Yeah. They still make, but you’re right. Yeah. That was a heyday because people, they would try to outdo each other with their music videos and

Lee: I, yeah, I definitely grew up where I would watch MTV

Joe: Yep.

Lee: I forget the name of the show. It was the Request Quest. Yeah.

Joe: No, yeah. That was the life I was in.

geo: See, you can go back.

Joe: you can go, I

geo: You can go back,

Joe: be

creeping on

Lee: to,

Joe: creeping at college. Some the who’s this strange old man in the lobby watching

geo: TVI

nick: remember,

these days this song’s gonna be a hit in 15 years. I

Joe: I bet you this one’s gonna hit the top billboard. Come on, let’s get those bets.

I

geo: feel like something really bad’s [00:54:00] gonna happen if you’re older. Self goes, visits your young self. Actually, there was that movie that was really good. My old butt or

Joe: Oh, my, yeah.

The

Lee: my old

ass.

Joe: old

geo: my old ass.

My old

Lee: Yeah,

geo: I dunno.

Joe: The young adult version.

geo: But

That was really good.

I really liked

Lee: right where she’s on mushrooms

and yeah,

Joe: it was like mental

Lee: No, another Aubrey Plaza movie. Yeah

nick: Aubrey Plaza for the Win. she gonna be our time travel queen?

Joe: There we go.

Maybe.

Lee: But it’s,

geo: we’ll give award.

Lee: movies. There might be another one.

Joe: Yeah.

geo: But there was like, obviously Demi Moore being with her, like there could be some really bad consequences.

You’re like the nevermind.

Joe: Oh, you mean like substance? Yeah.

Lee: Wow.

Joe: But I think in that one it was more mental time travel, and I got back to that.

That’s another one

probably I would throw in, because you’re right, she was tripping on the shrooms and then she would have, she would see her older self.

nick: Is this the second episode this year? [00:55:00] We’ve talked about drugs and doing things with science.

Joe: I don’t know.

geo: Oh, I think there’s a lot more we could talk about.

Joe: There’s a lot

more we can

talk about.

nick: We’re gonna have It’s a lot that go hand in.

drugs, could do a whole

Joe: A whole

geo: episode

Joe: there. You heard in Air Force

nick: prepare for season three of the drug episode.

geo: Oh, what was the other show we watched? That was a series. Oh shoot. The, and they’re newspaper delivery and it’s based on the graphic novels

Joe: Paper Girl,

geo: Is that what it’s called? Paper?

Joe: Girl.

Yeah.

nick: What

Joe: it was four Girls

on Bicycles

geo: oh, and then that was a really good

Joe: Yeah, that was had some time travel. I was gonna say, for all of mankind, the Apple plus one, did they

geo: Did they time travel?

Joe: It’s an alternate. Reality.

geo: It’s an alternate reality. But nobody time travel.

Joe: mean it is time travel.

Okay, nevermind. That’s a whole different but I But it is ’cause there’s an alternate reality. But you’re right, it’s not time travel. Nevermind. I’ll scratch that. I’ll edit it [00:56:00] out

nick: No, leave it in.

Joe: I’m taking it out.

it’s Like

the Brussels sprouts. It’s gone. Yeah. Cool. I think that’s we’ve gone in and out around a lot of different

nick: We loop de looped it,

Joe: looped, de looped it, we wormhole it.

nick: Thank you so much, Lee, for coming on the show today.

Lee: Thank you so much for having me. Yeah, no, it’s a pleasure.

Joe: definitely. So

geo: and I’m looking forward to reading the second one. Yeah. Yeah. Let me know what, you, let me know what you think and yes, let me know what you think about the first one

Joe: Yeah, will do.

nick: I

actually didn’t realize that it was a young adult’s book until you said it.

I’m like, oh man. This is just an easy read. I like it.

Lee: I’ll take

it. a easy read.

nick: I just oh,

geo: my favorite books are young adult

nick: They’re just a nice breeze to oh, it’s an enjoyable read and.

Lee: Yeah, that was why I wanted to write them. I, like I said, I write more disturbing thrillers and I wanted a break from that. Yeah. The second one I think I wrote in like a [00:57:00] couple weeks. Like it

bad. Yeah. Yeah.

geo: Yeah, no, I, and I think that the character really for being that short time period, I think that character really matured and there was some more heavy things that came out later in the book. You know what I mean?

Lee: You’re dealing with the mom’s mental health, which becomes a big part of the second book and why they go back in time to fix her. Yeah the, with all young adult books, you need like issues to

geo: right. Definitely.

nick: Hell yeah. All right.

Joe: Yeah, you have me, Joe,

nick: You got Nick.

Joe: We’ve got Nick

Lee: Ali. And thank you again, Lee, and

Joe: and

nick: we went down some timey time

Joe: again and

again and

again.

nick: we went down some ttimeyhole

Joe: And again.

Stay safe out there when you time travel.

Love y’all.

The Show Notes: Episode 17: Brainwaves and Superpowers: Can Humans Really Move Objects with Their Minds? Separating facts from Handwavium.

Joe, Nick, and guest Michael Lynn talk about the science and handwavium of telepathy and telekinesis. Discussing everything from twins, government-funded research, brainwaves, to the truly bizarre.

In Episode 17 of the Rabbit Hole of Research, hosts Joe and Nick welcome guest Michael Lynn, a material scientist and YouTube creator behind the YouTube Channel: ROTOFORGE, to discuss the fascinating and mysterious topics of telepathy and telekinesis. They delve into historical references, pop culture depictions (like Jedi from Star Wars, Professor X from Marvel, and Matilda), and even touch upon government experiments such as those depicted in ‘The Men Who Stare at Goats.’ Michael provides insights grounded in science and even contemplates the potential of future technological advancements in brain communication. Enjoy the fun banter, quirky references, and let’s not forget—what’s everyone drinking today? Dive in for an exciting exploration of whether these fantastical abilities could ever become reality!

Join us on Discord: https://discord.gg/2nnmKgguFV

Guest: Michael Lynn follow him on his YouTube CHANNEL: ROTOFORGE

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Joe’s Show Notes:

00:00 Welcome to Episode 17

00:18 Meet Our Guest: Michael Lynn

01:09 Nick and Joe Communicated telepathically?

2:26 What are we Drinking?

03:44 The Science and Fiction of Telepathy

  • Term coined in 1882 by Frederic W.H. Myers of the Society for Psychical Research, but similar ideas likely predated the term itself.
    • Direct Mind-to-Mind Communication: the direct transfer of thoughts, emotions, or information between individuals without any intermediate tools or devices.
    • Types of Telepathy:
    • Emotive Telepathy: Transmission of emotions or feelings.
    • Mental Telepathy: Transfer of thoughts, concepts, or ideas.
    • Physical Telepathy: Influence over physical states or actions, often considered part of psychokinesis.

4:39 What is peer review?

Definition: the evaluation of scientific, academic, or professional work by others working in the same field.

4:49 Government Research and Historical Accounts

7:14 The ancient Indian Sanskrit epic Mahabharata

7:28 Jesus

8:17 1889 story “To Whom This May Come” by Edward Bellamy

8:48 Dr. Sleep (movie:2019)

10:45 fMRI- Functional Magnetic Resonance

11:51 The Concept of Twin Telepathy

12:31 Identical twins with similar brain structure

13:07 Genetic sequencing of telepaths and twin telepathy

15:22 Animal Communication and Brain Waves

  • John Lilly
    • Elephants: use low-frequency rumbling calls eallowing for transmission of simple messages over long distances.
    • Cetaceans (whales, dolphins): echolocation may involve a form of telepathy by encoding information in sound waves.
    • Primates: chimpanzees and bonobos may have a basic form of mind-reading by interpreting each other’s intentions and emotions.

16:33 Brainwaves

  • Brainwaves are the electrical impulses generated by the billions of neurons communicating with each other in the brain. These waves of electrical activity can be detected and measured using techniques like electroencephalography (EEG).
  • There are several main types of brainwaves, categorized by their frequency ranges:
    • – Delta waves (0.1-3 Hz): Deep sleep, unconscious states
    • – Theta waves (4-7 Hz): Light sleep, meditation, intuition
    • – Alpha waves (8-12 Hz): Relaxed but awake state
    • – Beta waves (13-30 Hz): Alert, focused mental activity
    • – Gamma waves (30+ Hz): Higher cognitive functions

17:00 Brain Computer Interface (BCI) and Biophotonics

20:19 Japanese concept of “ishin-denshin

26:18 Long Term exposure to microwaves

22:06 Theoretical Possibilities and Genetic Engineering

27:14 Organoid

28:29 Super-man story and Space Jesus

31:11 Telepathy and Corporate Espionage

32:10 Nick Cage movie Next (2007)

  • Telechronology—Rabbit Hole of Research original term for mental time-travel

37:05 Telekinesis and Government Experiments

38:54 Sheep go to Heaven and Goats go to Hell

42:00 Telekinesis: it’s always about the Calories

47:31 Chicago Southside Makerspace

48:29 Francis E Deck

49:23 Nick Cage movie reference again

50:00 Monsters, Inc (2001)

  • Children are rumored to have telekinetic powers

50:22 Telepathy in Fiction and Pop Culture

53:59 Wrapping Up and Final Thoughts

Check out Michael’s Youtube channelRotoforge

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The Show Notes: Episode 16.1 the b-side: Ultimate Alien Invasions, Panspermia, and Jeff Goldblum. 

This is a companion episode to Episode 16. We talk about Jeff Goldblum, Sigourney Weaver, Will Smith, Starship Troopers, Invasion of the Body Snatchers, Thundercats, and are we made of alien stuff?

Welcome to the Footnotes of the B-sides! In this mini episode,Joe and Nick discuss their recent movie and TV show viewings including the new Alien movie, ‘Parasite’ and ‘Umbrella Academy Season 4’. They also revisit their ‘Ultimate Alien Actor’ debate, discussing contenders like Jeff Goldblum, Sigourney Weaver, and Will Smith. They delve into concepts of alien invasions in popular culture from ‘Starship Troopers’ to ‘Invasion of the Body Snatchers’ and ‘Thundercats’. The episode ends with a tease for the next episode, urging fans to send in comments and questions.

Don’t forget to Rate the show!

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artwork by Georgia Geis @atomic_number14 https://www.instagram.com/atomic_number14/


Show Notes:

00:00 Welcome to the Basement Studio

00:33 What Nick is watching:

  • Alien: Romuls Movie Review

02:13 What Joe is Watching:

  • Parasyte: The gray two episode left.
  • Finished Umbrella Academy season 4

03:06 Ultimate Alien Actor Debate

Sigourney Weaver

  • Alien (1979)
  • Aliens (1986)
  • Alien 3 (1992)
  • Alien: Resurrection (1997)
  • Avatar (2009)
  • Galaxy Quest (1999)
  • Paul (2011)
  • Avatar: The Way of Water (2022)

Jeff Goldblum

  • Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1978)
  • The Adventures of Buckaroo Banzai Across the 8th Dimension (1984)
  • Earth Girls Are Easy (1988) – Plays an alien.
  • Independence Day (1996)
  • Independence Day: Resurgence (2016)
  • Thor: Ragnarok (2017)
  • Asteroid City (2023)

Will Smith

  • Independence Day (1996)
  • Men in Black (1997)
  • Men in Black II (2002)
  • Hancock (2008)
  • Men in Black 3 (2012)
  • Men in Black: International (2019) – Cameo via portrait.

Lance Henriksen

  • Aliens (1986)
  • Alien 3 (1992)
  • Alien vs. Predator (2004)
  • Alien vs. Predator: Requiem (2007)
  • The Visitor (1979)
  • Close Encounters of the Third Kind (1977)

Donald Sutherland

  • Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1978)
  • Virus (1999)
  • Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within (2001) – CGI role involving aliens.
  • The Puppet Masters (1994)

Kurt Russell

  • The Thing (1982) – Features a shape-shifting alien.
  • Stargate (1994) – Involves ancient extraterrestrial beings.
  • Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (2017) – Plays Ego the Living Planet.

06:58 Thundercats and Animation Styles

09:19 Panspermia and Alien Invasions

12:09 Nick’s Spiderman comic fan recommendation:

13:40 Wrapping Up and Teasers

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Episode 16: Exploring Alien Invasions: Movies, Theories, and is Jeff Goldblum the Ultimate Alien Actor

JOTHAM AUSTIN, II PHD AND NICK ELIZALDE

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The Show Notes: Episode 16: Exploring Alien Invasions: Movies, Theories, and is Jeff Goldblum the Ultimate Alien Actor

We talk alien invasion movies, Independence Day, The Thing, Mars Attacks, Cloverfield, and more. We discuss the Fermi Paradox, Bioforming, and debate if Jeff Goldblum is the ultimate alien actor.

Hello Fam! Hope y’all are doing well. So, here is Episode 16, Nick and Joe talk about Alien Invasion. Thank you for tuning in and supporting us. Our goal is to have a little fun exploring science through the lens of science fiction, fantasy and pop culture. 

Back in the basement studio, Joe and Nick return, with beer in hand, to discuss a variety of topics centered around alien invasions in movies, literature, and pop culture. They share insights and personal favorites including ‘Independence Day,’ ‘The Thing,’ ‘Mars Attacks,’ and ‘Cloverfield,’ while also speculating on the Fermi Paradox, galactic policing, bioforming, and the potential implications of real-life alien encounters. They debate Jeff Goldblum’s versus Will Smith’s contributions to alien movies and who should receive the Ultimate Alien Person Award. Joe and Nick present a fun and informative discussion while enjoying their drinks, making geeky science relatable and entertaining.

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Joe’s Show Notes:

00:00 Welcome Back to the Rabbit Hole

00:46 Alien Invasion Movies Galore

01:38 Drinks and Discussions

05:45 The Fermi Paradox and Alien Theories

Enrico Fermi

11:34 Age of Universe

  • ~13.7 Billion years

12:16 Alien Prometheus

12:56 Pop Culture and Alien Invasions

18:05 Paul (2011) (Simon Peg film)

18:44 E.T. and Other Alien Scouts

19:20 Ray Bradbury: Zero Hour (1947)

20:09 Movie – Mac and Me (1988)

22:09 Joe gives RHR award for ultimate alien person goes to: Jeff Goldblum

22:50 Nick gives RHR award for ultimate alien person to Will Smith

23:25 Debating Jeff Goldblum’s Role in Independence Day Alien Defeat

24:19 Drunken Superheroes and Future Visions

25:05 Inviting Jeff Goldblum and Will Smith

25:37 Biological and Terraforming Alien Invasions

26:10 The Day the Earth Stood Still Discussion

27:07 The Thing: A Beloved IP

27:56 Galactic Policing and Ethical Intervention

29:54 Predator and The Thing Crossover Idea

34:28 Intelligent Alien Life Forms

35:42 Alien Invasion Strategies and Movies

39:07 HG Wells war of the worlds (1898)

39:34 Robert Potter The Germ Growlers (1892)

41:11 Nick’s favorite Alien Invasion movie: Men in Black (1997)

42:47 Joes favorite Alien invasion movie: Cloverfield (2008)

42:47 Nick changes his mind and goes with District 9 (2009)

44:46 Final Thoughts and Farewell

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The Show Notes: Episode 15.1 the mini b-side: Clarifications and more Apocalypse Wow!

This is a companion episode to Episode 15. We talk about Owen Wilson, West Nile virus, updated WHO pandemic watch, Answer fan questions about zombies, and other tid-bits.

Print by Georgia Geis @atomic_number14

Welcome to the Footnotes of the B-sides! In this mini episode, Joe, Nick and Georgia dive into fan comments, topics such as Owen Wilson’s ‘Wow,’ West Nile virus, and the updated WHO list of potential future pandemic pathogens. They also speculate on military bases as potential safe havens during a zombie apocalypse and mention various entertainment preferences, like the ‘Fallout’ series, ‘Lady in the Lake,’ and comic books. The episode ends with a light-hearted wrap-up, urging fans to send in comments and questions.

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Join us on Discord (https://discord.gg/KUjyK2hD)

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Show Notes:

00:00 Introduction and Episode Clarification

01:09 Discussing the Apocalypse

01:13 All about Owen Wilson. Wow!

02:57 Science Friday’s West Nile Virus Discussion

03:02 These pathogens could trigger the next pandemic

03:26 Fallout series

04:00 Join us on Discord(https://discord.gg/KUjyK2hD)

04:28 Religious Rapture Apocalypse

  1. Stephen King’s ‘The Stand’,
  2. Tim LaHaye and Jerry B. Jenkins’s Left Behind series
  3. Terry Gilliam’s film Brazil (1985)
  4. This is the End (2013)
  5. Rapture (2019)

05:07 Apocalypse Movies Georgia was thinking about

06:22 Fan Questions and Comments

  • Shout out to Alex4833 on YouTube
  • The Doomsday clock during the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis set to seven minutes to midnight.

07:06 Alex4833 asked if a military base would be the safest place during a Zombie apocalypse

Video game “Day’s Gone

Novel series byJ.L. Bourne ‘Day by Day Armageddon’

10:24 Current Watchlist and Reading

11:50 Conclusion and Mellisa’s final Wow!

Joe, Georgia and Nick recording at Reed’s Local with Melissa!

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Movie and Book list from Episode 15: Our Favorite Apocalypses: Zombies, Viruses, Meteors, oh my or Apocalypse Wow!

Types of apocalypse

1. ZOMBIE

The zombie apocalypse genre has been a popular theme in movies and books, exploring the breakdown of society in the face of a viral outbreak that turns people into undead creatures. Here are notable works in this genre:

Movies:

  1. “Night of the Living Dead” (1968) – Directed by George A. Romero, this classic film is credited with popularizing the modern zombie genre.
  2. “Dawn of the Dead” (1978) – Also by Romero, this film is set in a shopping mall during a zombie outbreak, examining societal issues within a contained environment.
  3. “28 Days Later” (2002) – Directed by Danny Boyle, this film features fast-moving infected humans and explores the aftermath of a virus outbreak in the UK.
  4. “Zombieland” (2009) – A comedic take on the genre, following a group of survivors navigating a post-apocalyptic world while avoiding zombies.
  5. “World War Z” (2013) – Starring Brad Pitt, this movie is based on the novel by Max Brooks and depicts a global pandemic of zombie-like creatures threatening humanity.
  6. “Train to Busan” (2016) – A South Korean film that follows passengers on a train during a zombie outbreak, focusing on survival and human relationships.

Books:

  1. “World War Z” by Max Brooks – A pseudo-documentary novel detailing the global response to a zombie pandemic, told through interviews with survivors.
  2. “The Walking Dead” series by Robert Kirkman – Originally a comic book series, later adapted into a popular TV show, following survivors in a world overrun by zombies.
  3. “Feed” by Mira Grant – The first book in the “Newsflesh” series, set in a post-zombie apocalypse America where bloggers cover politics amid the undead.
  4. “Zone One” by Colson Whitehead – A literary take on the zombie apocalypse, focusing on a cleanup crew in Manhattan after the outbreak.
  5. “Patient Zero” by Jonathan Maberry – The first book in the “Joe Ledger” series, featuring a detective fighting against terrorists and a viral zombie outbreak.
  6. The Dead City series by Joe McKinney – is a collection of zombie apocalypse novels that follow the adventures of police officer Eddie Hudson in a post-apocalyptic world overrun by the undead. 

2. VAMPIRE

Movies:

1. “30 Days of Night” (2007) – Based on the graphic novel by Steve Niles, this film follows a group of survivors in an Alaskan town besieged by vampires during a month-long polar night.

2. “Daybreakers” (2009) – Set in a future where vampires dominate the human population, this film explores the consequences of a blood shortage and a potential cure for vampirism.

3. “Stake Land” (2010) – Although primarily a post-apocalyptic film, “Stake Land” features vampires as one of the primary threats to survivors navigating a ravaged America.

4. “Priest” (2011) – In a dystopian world ravaged by centuries of war between humans and vampires, a warrior priest embarks on a mission to rescue his niece from vampire kidnappers.

5. “The Strain” (2014-2017) – While originally a TV series, “The Strain” was based on the book trilogy by Guillermo del Toro and Chuck Hogan. It depicts a viral outbreak caused by an ancient strain of vampirism.

Books:

1. “The Passage” by Justin Cronin – The first book in a trilogy, “The Passage” introduces a post-apocalyptic world overrun by vampire-like creatures known as virals.

2. “I Am Legend” by Richard Matheson – Although primarily focused on a solitary survivor battling vampiric beings, this novel has been adapted into several films exploring themes of isolation and survival.

3. “The Strain Trilogy” by Guillermo del Toro and Chuck Hogan – This book series delves into a modern-day vampire apocalypse caused by an ancient and highly contagious strain of vampirism.

4. “The Vampire Chronicles” by Anne Rice – While not strictly about a vampire apocalypse, Anne Rice’s series delves deeply into vampire mythology and the existence of vampires alongside humanity.


3. METEOR

Movies:

1. “Armageddon” (1998) – Directed by Michael Bay, this blockbuster film follows a team of deep-core drillers sent by NASA to plant a nuclear bomb on an asteroid to prevent it from colliding with Earth.

2. “Deep Impact” (1998) – A science-fiction disaster film that depicts humanity’s efforts to deal with an impending collision between Earth and a large comet, showing both the scientific and personal impacts of such an event.

3. “Melancholia” (2011) – Directed by Lars von Trier, this psychological drama unfolds as a rogue planet approaches Earth, causing widespread anxiety and existential crisis among the characters.

4. “Seeking a Friend for the End of the World” (2012) – While not centered on the impact itself, this film explores human relationships and reactions to the news of an asteroid strike that will likely wipe out life on Earth.

Books:

1. “Lucifer’s Hammer” by Larry Niven and Jerry Pournelle – This novel follows multiple characters before, during, and after a comet hits Earth, causing massive destruction and societal collapse.

2. “The Forge of God” by Greg Bear – In this science fiction novel, two alien species have different plans for Earth as a massive black hole is discovered heading toward the solar system.

3. “Impact” by Douglas Preston – This thriller novel involves a team of scientists racing against time to stop an asteroid from colliding with Earth, discovering a government conspiracy along the way.

4. “Meteor” by Jerry Pournelle and Larry Niven – Set in the near future, this book explores the aftermath of a meteor strike in the Pacific Ocean, leading to geopolitical tensions and global consequences.


4. ALIEN INVASION

Movies:

1. “Independence Day” (1996) – Directed by Roland Emmerich, this blockbuster film depicts humanity’s fight against technologically advanced aliens intent on destroying Earth.

2. “War of the Worlds” (2005) – Based on the novel by H.G. Wells, this film directed by Steven Spielberg follows a father and his children as they try to survive an alien invasion.

3. “Battle: Los Angeles” (2011) – Set in Los Angeles, this film portrays a group of Marines defending the city against hostile alien forces.

4. “District 9” (2009) – This sci-fi film explores themes of segregation and discrimination as aliens are forced to live in slum-like conditions on Earth.

5. “The War of the Worlds” (1953) – An earlier adaptation of H.G. Wells’ novel, this classic film showcases the panic and chaos caused by Martian invaders.

6. “The Andromeda Strain” (1971) – Based on the novel by Michael Crichton, this film follows scientists investigating a deadly extraterrestrial microorganism that threatens human life.

Books:

1. “The War of the Worlds” by H.G. Wells – The classic novel that inspired numerous adaptations, telling the story of a Martian invasion of Earth.

2. “The 5th Wave” by Rick Yancey – This young adult novel follows a teenage girl navigating a post-apocalyptic world after a series of devastating alien attacks.

3. “Footfall” by Larry Niven and Jerry Pournelle – In this novel, aliens invade Earth, and humanity must unite to fight back against technologically superior foes.

4. “The Three-Body Problem” by Liu Cixin – While not a traditional alien invasion story, this sci-fi trilogy explores contact with an advanced alien civilization and its impact on humanity.

5. “Childhood’s End” by Arthur C. Clarke – In this classic novel, aliens arrive on Earth with seemingly benevolent intentions, but their arrival heralds profound changes for humanity.


5. DISEASE

Movies

1. “Contagion” (2011) – Directed by Steven Soderbergh, this film follows the rapid spread of a deadly virus and the efforts of scientists and officials to contain it while society unravels.

2. “Outbreak” (1995) – A thriller film that explores the consequences of an Ebola-like virus outbreak in a small town in California, starring Dustin Hoffman and Morgan Freeman.

Books:

1. “Station Eleven” by Emily St. John Mandel – This novel follows a traveling theater troupe in a post-pandemic world where a flu virus has wiped out most of humanity.

2. “The Stand” by Stephen King – A post-apocalyptic novel where a superflu called Captain Trips wipes out most of the world’s population, leading to a struggle between survivors.

3. “The Hot Zone” by Richard Preston – A non-fiction book that explores the origins and impact of deadly viruses like Ebola and Marburg, highlighting the potential dangers of infectious diseases.

4. “Year One” by Nora Roberts – The first book in a series where a mysterious illness wipes out most of humanity, and survivors must navigate a changed world filled with magic and danger.


6. NATURAL DISASTERS

Movies:

1. “San Andreas” (2015) – Starring Dwayne Johnson, this film follows a rescue pilot navigating through California after a series of devastating earthquakes caused by the San Andreas Fault.

2. “Dante’s Peak” (1997) – A volcanic disaster film where a volcanologist (played by Pierce Brosnan) and a mayor try to evacuate a small town threatened by an impending eruption.

3. “Pompeii” (2014) – Set against the backdrop of the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD, this film follows a gladiator’s quest for survival amid the destruction of Pompeii.

4. “10.5” (2004) – A TV miniseries depicting a series of catastrophic earthquakes along the West Coast of the United States, leading to widespread destruction and chaos.

5. “Volcano” (1997) – A disaster film set in Los Angeles, where a volcano unexpectedly erupts, and emergency responders scramble to save the city from lava flows and ash clouds.

7. CLIMATE CHANGE

Movies:

1. “Snowpiercer” (2013) – In a future where a failed climate-change experiment has killed most life on the planet and turned Earth into a frozen wasteland, survivors live on a train that travels around the globe.

2. “Waterworld” (1995) – Set in a future where the polar ice caps have melted, leaving the Earth covered by water, this film follows a lone hero navigating a world of waterborne societies.

3. “The Day After Tomorrow” (2004) – Directed by Roland Emmerich, this film depicts a series of catastrophic weather events triggered by climate change, leading to a new Ice Age.

4. “Interstellar” (2014) – While not solely focused on climate change, this sci-fi film portrays a future Earth where environmental collapse threatens humanity’s survival, leading to a search for habitable planets.

5. “Geostorm” (2017) – In this disaster film, satellites controlling the global climate go haywire, resulting in extreme weather phenomena that threaten the planet.


8. NUCLEAR WAR

Movies:

1. “Threads” (1984) – A British television film depicting the impact of a nuclear war on the city of Sheffield, highlighting the breakdown of society and the long-term consequences of radiation.

2. “The Day After” (1983) – A TV film that follows the residents of Lawrence, Kansas, before, during, and after a nuclear war between NATO forces and the Warsaw Pact, depicting the devastating effects of a nuclear exchange.

3. “Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb” (1964) – Directed by Stanley Kubrick, this satirical film explores the absurdity of nuclear warfare through a dark comedic lens.

4. “Mad Max: Fury Road” (2015) – While not strictly a nuclear war film, this post-apocalyptic action movie is set in a world ravaged by nuclear conflict, showcasing a brutal society fighting for resources.

5. “The Road” (2009) – Based on the novel by Cormac McCarthy, this film follows a father and son’s journey across a post-apocalyptic landscape devastated by an unspecified catastrophe, likely nuclear in nature.

Books:

1. “Alas, Babylon” by Pat Frank – A classic novel depicting the struggles of a small Florida town to survive and rebuild after a nuclear war devastates the United States.


8. TECHNOLOGICAL CATASTROPHE

Movies:

1. “The Matrix” (1999) – Directed by the Wachowskis, this sci-fi film depicts a dystopian future where intelligent machines have enslaved humanity in a simulated reality, highlighting themes of control and resistance.

2. “Children of Men” (2006) – Set in a world where humanity faces extinction due to infertility, this film explores societal collapse and the quest for hope amid despair.

3. “The Book of Eli” (2010) – This post-apocalyptic film follows a lone traveler carrying a sacred book in a world devastated by war, showcasing survival skills and moral dilemmas.

4. “WALL-E” (2008) – While primarily an animated film, “WALL-E” portrays a future Earth abandoned by humans due to environmental degradation caused by over-reliance on technology.

5. “The Terminator” (1984) – Directed by James Cameron, this sci-fi action film introduces the premise of the series: a cyborg assassin known as the Terminator (played by Arnold Schwarzenegger) is sent back in time from a post-apocalyptic future to kill Sarah Connor (played by Linda Hamilton), whose unborn son will lead the resistance against the machines.

Books:

1. “The Road” by Cormac McCarthy – This Pulitzer Prize-winning novel describes a post-apocalyptic world resulting from an unspecified cataclysm, likely involving technology.

2. “Oryx and Crake” by Margaret Atwood – The first book in the MaddAddam trilogy, it presents a dystopian future caused by genetic engineering and bioengineering gone wrong.

3. “Neuromancer” by William Gibson – A seminal work in the cyberpunk genre, it explores the potential dangers of AI and cyberspace.

4. “Snow Crash” by Neal Stephenson – A fast-paced novel that explores the consequences of a computer virus in a hyper-commercialized future.

The Show Notes: Episode 15: Our Favorite Apocalypses: Zombies, Viruses, Meteors, oh my or Apocalypse Wow! 

Nick, Georgia and Joe dig into their favorite doomsday scenarios. Zombies, vampires, wars, disease, natural disasters, AI and more. We discuss the plausibility, impact and survivability.

Georgia Geis @ atomic_number14

In this episode of ‘Rabbit Hole of Research,’ the crew gathers in the basement “bunker” studio to delve into their favorite apocalyptic scenarios. Hosts Joe, Nick, and Georgia debate various types of apocalypses, from zombies and vampires to nuclear wars and natural disasters, discussing the plausibility, impact and survivability of each. They also reflect on how close humanity currently is to doomsday, citing the Doomsday Clock and historical events. Throughout the conversation, they share their personal favorite media representations of apocalyptic events, including movies, books, and TV shows, while lightening the mood with humor and some interesting tangents. Whether it’s zombies, nuclear fallout, or an alien invasion, they explore both the entertaining and terrifying aspects of apocalyptic scenarios. 

Join us on Discord: https://discord.gg/2nnmKgguFV

We hope you enjoy. Tell a friend! Don’t forget to give us 5 stars or a like!

Artwork by 

Georgia Geis @atomicnumber14https://www.instagram.com/atomic_number14/


Joe’s Show Notes:

00:35 Welcome to the Basement Studio the Basement Bunker

1:04 Setting the Scene: Favorite Apocalypses episode title

  • Apocalypse Now vs Apocalypse Wow: Owen Wilson cover art

2:00 What are we Drinking?

03:29 Debating the Apocalypse Categories

  • Joe’s List (See movie and book list below):
  1. Zombie
  2. Vampire
  3. Meteor
  4. Alien Invasion
  5. Disease
  6. Natural Disasters
  7. Climate Change
  8. Nuclear War
  9. Technological Catastrophe

10:20 The Doomsday Clock and Real-World Threats

14:29 Survival and Human Nature in Apocalyptic Scenarios

19:20 Sting’s song ‘Russians

  • debut solo album, The Dream of the Blue Turtles, released in June 1985

20:04 Favorite Apocalyptic Stories and Media

27:48 Popcorn and Apocalyptic Movies

28:11 Twilight Zone Favorites

31:12 Owen Wilson’s maybe apocalyptic movie

31:23 Zombie Apocalypse and Survival

33:45 Alien Invasions and Human Nature

35:19 Bob burgers

37:00 Twilight Zone with Zombies:

38:50 Nuclear War and Survival Strategies

44:53 Apocalyptic Optimism and Media Recommendations

49:01 Trust and Humanity in Apocalyptic Times



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Georgia Geis @atomic_number14

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The Show Notes: Episode 14.1 the b-side—clarifications and more Regeneration Insights

This is a companion to Episode 14 on Regeneration. We talk about the Deadpool and Wolverine movie, calcifications about plant regenerations, updates on bioelectricity research, and is Groot a plant?

Welcome to the Footnotes, B-sides, or mini-episode Show notes: That’s right just like the main event, the mini episode, also has show notes. Curated with time stamps, you’ll find exposition and links to help you explore topics on your own. Have fun!


Haven’t listened to the mini-episode yet, check it out here:

Episode 14.1 the b-side—clarifications and more Regeneration Insights


And if you didn’t listen to the main Episode 14 check it out here:

Episode 14: Exploring Regeneration from Wolverine and Deadpool to Actual Factual Science


The Episode 14.1 b-side Show Notes:


00:00 Welcome to the Rabbit Hole of Research

01:11 What’s with this Mini-episode?

01:47 Movie Review: Deadpool and Wolverine

  • First official Rabbit Hole of Research thumbs up!
  • As you can imagine this is not a superhero movie for children (here is a parent’s guide)
Deadpool and Wolverine Movie Poster

05:00 Plant Regeneration Expanded and Clarified

  • Can a tree regenerate after being cut down?
    • Several tree species have the ability to regenerate after being cut down through a process known as coppicing. This natural adaptation allows trees to regrow from their roots or stumps after the main stem has been removed. 
    • Coppicing involves the tree’s root system sending up new shoots from the base or roots after the main stem has been removed. However, the regrowth ability and vigor can vary among species and depend on factors such as the tree’s health, environmental conditions, and the cutting method used.
  • A stem stuck in the ground can often regenerate a root system through a process called vegetative propagation.
    • This method of plant reproduction allows new plants to grow from parts of existing plants, such as stems, rather than from seeds.
    • Many plants have the ability to produce adventitious roots – roots that grow from plant parts other than the normal root system. When a stem cutting is placed in soil, it can develop these adventitious roots from the cut end or from nodes along the stem.
    • Plant hormones, like auxins, environmental factors such as moisture, temperature, and light also influence the success of root regeneration.
    • This method of propagation is widely used in horticulture and gardening to create new plants from existing ones.

07:31 Bioelectricity and Regenerating from a “Sack of Bloody Skin Ball”

  • BIOELECTRICITY
    • Bioelectricity plays a crucial role in regeneration by using electrical signals to guide cellular behavior and tissue formation. These signals involve ion flows and voltage gradients that regulate gene expression and cell activity, essential for both development and repair of tissues. Studies have shown that manipulating bioelectric signals can induce regeneration in species that typically do not regenerate, such as certain amphibians and potentially mammals. This approach, which integrates bioelectric cues with genetic and pharmacological interventions, holds promise for advancing regenerative medicine and treating injuries and birth defects.
  • MORE TO CHECK OUT ON BIOELECTRICITY:
  • More about Planaria
    • Planaria are free living flatworms found in freshwater. They are a popular model organism for studying regeneration and bioelectricity due to their remarkable ability to regenerate entire body parts, including their brain. They can regenerate even after being cut into 279 pieces. Research has shown that bioelectric signals play a crucial role in planarian regeneration.
    • These studies show that bioelectric gradients help guide the formation of new head or tail structures. Manipulation of ion channels and voltage gradients can alter regeneration outcomes in planaria, such as inducing the growth of additional heads. And, Studies on planaria have revealed that bioelectric networks can store and process information about body patterning, acting as a kind of “memory” for anatomical structure.
    • By using a simpler model organism, like planaria, to understanding regeneration mechanisms this will allow researchers to potentially develop regenerative therapies in more complex organisms, including humans.

11:16 Deadpool and Wolverine movie calorie count for all this regeneration

  • Calories in SPAM 180 calories/can
  • Calories in bottle of whiskey ~1600

12:04 Voldemort’s Regeneration

14:19 Wrapping Up and Future Topics

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Georgia Geis @atomic_number14

You can always email (I do answer back), click the comment link below, or follow me online for real time tracking. 


Okay, that’s it for this episode. How’d we do?


You can always email (I do answer back), click the comment link below, or follow me online for real time tracking. 

The Show Notes: Episode 14: Exploring Regeneration from Wolverine and Deadpool to Actual Factual Science

In this episode we dig into regeneration: axolotls, Wolverine’s caloric intake, Deadpool & Cancer, 3D-bioprinting, Fifth Element, Attack on Titan, Groot, Hydra, Morphallaxis, Bioelectronics and more.

Georgia Geis @atomic_number14

Episode 14: Exploring Regeneration from Wolverine and Deadpool to Actual Factual Science

Welcome to the Shownotes! We are staying organized with timestamps (folks seemed to like them). As always, feel free to comment, and we will address stuff in future shows! Enjoy. 

Don’t forget to Rate the show!

artwork by 

Georgia Geis@atomicnumber14https://www.instagram.com/atomic_number14/


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Joe’s Show Notes:

00:00 Welcome to the Rabbit Hole of Research

00:42 Upcoming Movie: Wolverine and Deadpool July 26th 2024

00:49 Podcast Plans and Mini Episodes

02:37 Drinks of the Day

03:37 Introduction to Limb and Organ Regeneration

04:27 Regeneration in Animals

04:43 Plant Regeneration 

05:21 Mechanisms of Regeneration

10:27 the Cnidarian hydra

12:48 Marvel Characters and Regeneration

13:13 Deadpool

16:28 Dr. Curtis Connors (Lizard)

20:57 The Fifth Element (1997)

22:20 Wolverine’s Healing Factor

28:20 Debating Groot’s True Nature

28:39 Rocket Raccoon’s Origins

29:37 The Reality Stone

31:22 Jurassic World Dinosaurs

32:16 Superman’s Healing Powers

33:08 Vampires and Regeneration (Future Episode 21)

36:06 LD 50 or Median Lethal Dose

38:02 Attack on Titan

40:49 Human Regeneration

47:43 The Mummy (1999)

48:18 Voldemort grew a rudimentary body

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Georgia Geis @atomic_number14

Okay, that’s it for this episode. How’d we do?


You can always email (I do answer back), click the comment link below, or follow me online for real time tracking.